Antigone (Anouilh play)

Jean Anouilh's play Antigone is a tragedy inspired by Greek mythology and the play of the same name by Sophocles. In English, it is often distinguished from its antecedent through its pronunciation (French pronunciation: ​[ɑ̃tiɡɔn], approximately an-tee-gon).

Antigone
Written byJean Anouilh
CharactersChorus
Antigone
Nurse
Ismene
Haemon
Creon
First Guard (Jonas)
Second Guard (a Corporal)
Third Guard
Messenger
Page
MuteEurydice
Date premieredFebruary 6, 1944
Original languageFrench
SubjectWar
Genretragedy

Performance history

Original production

The play was first performed in Paris at the Théâtre de l'Atelier on February 6, 1944, during the Nazi occupation. Produced under Nazi censorship, the play is purposefully ambiguous with regard to the rejection of authority (represented by Antigone) and the acceptance of it (represented by Creon). The parallels to the French Resistance and the Nazi occupation are clear, however. The original cast included Monelle Valentin (Antigone), Jean Davy (Créon), Suzanne Flon (Ismène), and André Le Gall (Hémon); the staging, decor and costumes were by André Barsacq.[1]

British première

The play received its British première by the Old Vic Theatre Company at the New Theatre, London, on 10 February 1949. The production was produced by Laurence Olivier (who also played the role of Chorus) and had the following cast:[2]

Adaptations

Actress Katharine Cornell produced and starred in a 1946 production at the National Theatre in Washington, D.C.[3] Sir Cedric Hardwicke played the role of King Creon. Also performing were Bertha Belmore, Wesley Addy, Ruth Matteson, George Mathews, and Oliver Cliff, and Marlon Brando (as the Messenger), Michael Higgins (The Third Guard). The production was staged by Cornell's husband Guthrie McClintic.[4] The translation was by Lewis Galantière.[5] It has since been published many times.

There was an English-language television production for the BBC in 1959 starring Dorothy Tutin.

In 1974, an American television production of the play, presented on PBS' Great Performances, starred Geneviève Bujold and Stacy Keach.[6]

There have also been more recent English translations by Barbara Bray in 2009 (ISBN 9780413695406) and by Jeremy Sams in 2002 (ISBN 9780573628191).

References
  1. Programme for original run of Antigone, 1944 on A.R.T, La Mémoire du théâtre, accessed 3 August 2019.
  2. Jean Anouilh (1951): Antigone. Methuen & Co Ltd, London. ISBN 0-413-30860-X.
  3. Google Books: Antigone at the National Theatre, 1946
  4. Tad Mosel, "Leading Lady: The World and Theatre of Katharine Cornell", Little, Brown & Co., Boston (1978)
  5. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/archival/collections/ldpd_4078798/ "Galantiere ... adapted Jean Anouilh's ANTIGONE for Katharine Cornell in 1946" See OCLC 762051925 for the earliest publication.
  6. Antigone. Retrieved 2019-04-07.

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