Antiozonant
An antiozonant, also known as anti-ozonant, is an organic compound that prevents or retards damage caused by ozone. The most important antiozonants are those which prevent degradation of elastomers like rubber. A number of research projects study the application of another type of antiozonats to protect plants.
Protection of elastomers
Elastomers like rubber, including related materials like butyl rubber and EPDM rubber are prone to ozone cracking. Antiozonants are used to prevent or delay that. In particular, they are additives in tire manufacturing.[1]
The most common antiozonants for elastomers are N,N'substituted p-Phenylenediamines, which can be categorized in three types:
- Dialkyl p-Phenylenediamines,
- Alkyl-aryl p-Phenylenediamines, such as 6PPD (N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine)[2] or IPPD (N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine)[3]
- Diaryl p-Phenylenediamines, like DPPD
- 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (ETMQ, EMQ, or Ethoxyquin) is an antioxidant
- Paraffin waxes that just form a surface barrier[4]
Protection of plants
For the protection of plants like winter wheat or maize[5] Ethylene diurea (EDU) has been used successfully as antiozonant.
References
- Hans-Wilhelm Engels et al., "Rubber, 4. Chemicals and Additives" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a23_365.pub2
- 6PPP
- IPPD Archived December 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine (product page)
- Singh, Aditya Abha; Chaurasia, Meenakshi; Gupta, Vaishali; Agrawal, Madhoolika; Agrawal, S. B. (May 2018). "Responses of Zea mays L. cultivars 'Buland' and 'Prakash' to an antiozonant ethylene diurea grown under ambient and elevated levels of ozone". Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 40 (5): 92. doi:10.1007/s11738-018-2666-z. ISSN 0137-5881.