Aphis nerii

The oleander aphid is widespread in regions with tropical and Mediterranean climates.[6][7] In Poland, oleander aphid has only been reported from a glasshouse.[8] Small populations of oleander aphid are present in gardens in London, England.[9]

Female aphids lay live young (nymphs), a process known as viviparity.[6] Female aphids reproduce by parthenogenesis, males have never been observed in the wild but have been produced under laboratory conditions.[10] Females may be wingless or winged (alate), the production of the alate form occurs a higher rate in those regions where it is necessary for oleander aphid to migrate each year on to temporary hosts.[11]

Oleander aphid has a wide range of hosts, but mainly feeds on plants in the dogbane family, including milkweeds, oleander and periwinkle.[9] It is occasionally recorded feeding on plants in the bindweed family, daisy family and spurge family as well as rarely being recorded on Citrus.[12]

Oleander aphid can act as a vector of viruses in the genus Potyvirus and Cucumovirus. The following viruses are known to be vectored by oleander aphid:

• Araujia mosaic virus[13]
• Bean yellow mosaic virus[14]
• Bittergourd mosaic virus[15]
• Citrus tristeza virus[16]
• Cucumber mosaic virus[17]
• Lentil mosaic virus[18]
• Papaya ringspot virus[19]
• Tobacco etch virus[20]
• Watermelon mosaic virus[21]
• Zucchini yellow mosaic virus[22]

• 
  Colony on Nerium oleander
• 
  Colony on Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed)
• 
  Colony on Asclepias curassavica
• 
  Colony on Asclepias syriaca inflorescence
• 
  Mummified aphids, parasitized by Aphidiinae wasp, probably Lysiphlebus