Apulo-Calabrese

The Apulo-Calabrese is a breed of black domestic pig from Calabria, in southern Italy.[2] It may also be known as the Calabrese, Nero Calabrese or Nero di Calabria, and by many other regional names. It derives from the old Pugliese pig breed of Puglia, which in turn derives from the Casertana breed of Campania; it is closely related to that breed. The Apulo-Calabrese is one of the six autochthonous pig breeds recognised by the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, the Italian ministry of agriculture and forestry.[3]

Apulo-Calabrese
Conservation statusFAO (2007): endangered-maintained[1]
Other names
  • Calabrese
  • Nero Abruzzese
  • Nero Calabrese
  • Nero dei Lepini
  • Nero dei Monti Dauni Meridionali
  • Nero dei Monti Lepini
  • Nero di Calabria
  • Nero di Capitanata
  • Nero Lucano
  • Nero Maremmano
  • Nero Pugliese
  • Nero Reatino
  • Pugliese
Country of originItaly
Traits
Weight
  • Male:
    150 kg (at 1 year)
  • Female:
    120 kg (at 1 year)
Notes
Breed standard
  • Pig
  • Sus scrofa domesticus

History

The Apulo-Calabrese is particularly associated with the provinces of Catanzaro, Cosenza and Reggio di Calabria,[4] and with the area of Lagonegro in the province of Potenza. In the early 20th century, local sub-types from these areas were known as the Catanzarese, the Cosentina, the Reggitana and the Lagonegrese respectively; these types are now considered extinct.[1] The Calabrese was the principal pig of the region; in the mid-1920s the population was recorded as 131,736. Numbers fell drastically after the Second World War, and in particular from the 1970s, following the introduction of faster-growing foreign breeds such as the British Yorkshire.

A herdbook was established in 2001,[5] and is kept by the Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Suini, the Italian national association of pig breeders. The population remains low: at the end of 2007 it was 499,[4] and conservation status of the breed was listed as "endangered-maintained" by the FAO in the same year.[1] In 2012 total numbers were reported to be 2198.[6]

References
  1. Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Accessed May 2014.
  2. Breed data sheet: Apulo-Calabrese/Italy. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed May 2014.
  3. Norme tecniche del Libro Genealogico e del Registro Anagrafico della specie suina: Allegato 1 a D.M. 11255 del 13 June 2013 (in Italian). Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali. pp. 8–9. Accessed May 2014.
  4. Daniele Bigi, Alessio Zanon (2008). Atlante delle razze autoctone: Bovini, equini, ovicaprini, suini allevati in Italia (in Italian). Milan: Edagricole. ISBN 9788850652594. p. 427–28.
  5. Strutture Zootecniche (Dec. 2009/712/CE - Allegato 2 - Capitolo 2) (in Italian). Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali. Section I (e). Archived 4 May 2014.
  6. Andrea Cristini, et al. (23 June 2013). Relazione del comitato direttivo alla assemblea generale dei soci (in Italian). Rome: Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Suini. Archived 7 May 2014.
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