Aristeidis Moraitinis (aviator)

Aristeidis Moraitinis DSO (Greek: Αριστείδης Μωραϊτίνης, 1891–1918) was a pioneer Greek military aviator of the early 20th century. During the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) he performed together with Michael Moutoussis the first naval air mission in history, while in the following World War I, he became Greece's only ace with nine aerial victories in total.[2]

For the politician and Prime Minister, see Aristeidis Moraitinis.

Aristeidis Moraitinis
Nickname(s)Fearless Aviator
Ace of the Mediterranean[1]
Born1891
Aegina
Died1918
Mount Olympus
Allegiance Greece
 United Kingdom
Service/branchHellenic Naval Air Service
Royal Naval Air Service
Years of service1912–1918
RankLieutenant Commander
Battles/warsBalkan Wars (1912–1913)
World War I (1917–1918)

Early career and Balkan Wars

Moraitinis was born in 1891 on the island of Aegina. He entered the Hellenic Naval Academy in 1906 and graduated in 1910, joining the Navy with the rank of ensign. During the First Balkan War (1912–1913), Moraitinis volunteered to join the newly established Hellenic Naval Air Service which was formed at Moudros, Lemnos. On 5 February [O.S. 24 January] 1913 Army Lieutenant Michael Moutoussis, with Moraitinis as his observer, were ordered to observe the position of the Ottoman fleet in the Dardanelles with their hydroplane, a converted Maurice Farman MF.7. When they reached the Nara naval base they noted down the Turkish ships and installations. Additionally, Moraitinis dropped four bombs, three falling into the sea and one on the ground near a hospital, but without inflicting any serious damage or casualties.[3] This operation is regarded as the first naval-air operation in military history and was widely commented upon in both the Greek and international press.[4][5]

World War I
Farman MF.7 of Moutoussis, Moraitinis collected by the destroyer Velos, after their reconnaissance operation over the Dardanelles.

In 1914 Moraitinis together with Dimitrios Kamberos took the initiative and established the first naval air force academy. Moreover, the same year, he founded the first aircraft factory in Greece, a forerunner of the modern State Aircraft Factory.[4]

He was awarded British Aviator's Certificate No. 1087 on 26 February 1915; he had qualified the previous 22 September on a Sopwith seaplane at the Royal Hellenic Naval Air Station, Eleusis, Greece.[6]

When Greece joined the Triple Entente in World War I (1917) Moraitinis was transferred to the northern Aegean, where he served under the command of the British Royal Naval Air Service, piloting Sopwith Camels.[7] On one occasion, on 20 January 1918, he fought ten enemy aircraft which attacked two British Sopwith Baby seaplanes he was escorting on their way to bomb the Turkish battlecruiser Yavuz Sultan Selim (the former German SMS Goeben). Moraitinis managed to shoot down three of them.[8] For his service he was awarded with the bar to the Distinguished Service Order by the United Kingdom.[9]

By the end of the war, Moraitinis was credited with a total of nine aerial victories, making him Greece's only ace. He also became commander of the Greek Naval Air Service. On 22 December 1918, while flying from Thessaloniki to Athens, his plane crashed due to harsh weather conditions over Mount Olympus.[2]

Awards

In addition, he received a number of citations from Greek and British commanders, and the British offered him a new Airco DH.9 with the inscription "To the Commander A. Moraitinis, D.S.O.".[1]

References
  1. "Nicknames given by British aviators". Ελληνική Αεροπορία. Συνοπτική Ιστορία Τόμος Ι: 1908-1944 (in Greek). Υπηρεσία Ιστορίας Π.Α. 2000. ISBN 960-86135-5-8.
  2. Guttman, Jon. "Air Attack Over the Dardanelles - Sidebar: September '98 Aviation History Feature". historynet.com. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  3. Guttman 2012, p. 7.
  4. Boyne, Walter J. (2002). Air Warfare: an International Encyclopedia: A-L. ABC-CLIO. pp. 66, 268. ISBN 978-1-57607-345-2.
  5. "History: Balkan Wars". Hellenic Air Force. Archived from the original on 18 July 2009. Retrieved 3 May 2010.
  6. "Aviators' Certificates". Flight. VII (322): 144. 26 February 1915. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  7. McIntosh Bruce, John (1957). British aeroplanes, 1914-18. Putnam. p. 579. ISBN 978-1-57607-345-2.
  8. Bruce, J. M. "The Sopwith Tabloid, Schneider and Baby" (PDF). Flight. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  9. Miller, Geoffrey. "Superior Force: The Conspiracy behind the Escape of Goeben and Breslau. Chapter 19: The Last Sortie". flamboroughmanor.co.uk. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  10. "The Bombing of Constantinople". Flight. IX (465): 1220. 22 November 1917. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  • Guttman, Jon (2003), Naval Aces of World War 1 part 2 (Aircraft of the Aces 104), Osprey Publishing, ISBN 9781849086646
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