Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres

The men's 100 metres was the shortest of the men's track races in the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo, Japan. It was held at the Olympic Stadium on 14 and 15 October 1964. 76 athletes from 49 nations entered, with 3 not starting in the first round. Nations were limited to three athletes each, per rules in force since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The first two rounds were held on 14 October, with the semifinals and the final on the following day.[1]

Men's 100 metres
at the Games of the XVIII Olympiad
VenueOlympic Stadium
Tokyo, Japan
Dates14 October (heats, quarterfinals)
15 October 1964 (semifinals, finals)
Competitors73 from 49 nations
Winning time10.0 seconds
Medalists
Bob Hayes  United States
Enrique Figuerola  Cuba
Harry Jerome  Canada
Official Video Highlights
Athletics at the
1964 Summer Olympics
Track events
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steeplechase		men
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In the final, American Bob Hayes tied the world record of 10.0 seconds and won the gold medal. Enrique Figuerola of Cuba and Harry Jerome of Canada tied the old Olympic record time. It was Cuba's first medal in the event; Canada earned its first men's 100 metres medal since 1928.

Background

This was the fifteenth time the event was held, having appeared at every Olympics since the first in 1896. Neither of the top two runners from 1960 returned, but Rome bronze medalist Brit Peter Radford and fourth-place finisher Cuban Enrique Figuerola did. Other notable entrants were American Bob Hayes (the favorite who was unbeaten in the event, including the 100 yards variant, since 1962) and Canadian Harry Jerome (a 1960 semifinalist who held a share of the world record).[2] A muscle strain prevented Venezuelan Horacio Esteves (another 1960 semifinalist with a share of the world record) from competing.[3]

Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Dominican Republic, Iran, the Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Mali, Northern Rhodesia, Rhodesia, Senegal, and Vietnam were represented in the event for the first time. The new federation of Malaysia also competed for the first time, though both Malaya and Singapore had previously appeared. The United States was the only nation to have appeared at each of the first fifteen Olympic men's 100 metres events.

Competition format

The event retained the same basic four round format from 1920–1960: heats, quarterfinals, semifinals, and a final. However, after an extremely static format from 1936 to 1956, the format was modified for a second time in 1964 after 1960's tweaks. The changes generally increased the number of athletes in each race; for the first time in Olympic men's 100 metres history, 8 runners competed at a time.[2]

1936–5619601964
HeatsNumber of heats12910
Athletes per heatUp to 76–77–8
Qualifiers per heat233
QuarterfinalsNumber of heats444
Athletes per heat66–77–8
Qualifiers per heat334
SemifinalsNumber of heats222
Athletes per heat668
Qualifiers per heat334
FinalsNumber of heats111
Athletes per heat668

Records

Prior to the competition, the existing World and Olympic records were as follows.

World record 10.0 Armin Hary Zürich, Switzerland 21 June 1960
10.0 Harry Jerome Saskatoon, Canada 15 July 1960
10.0 Horacio Esteves Caracas, Venezuela 15 August 1964
Olympic record 10.2 Armin Hary Rome, Italy 31 August 1960
10.3 Armin Hary Rome, Italy 31 August 1960
10.3 Dave Sime Rome, Italy 31 August 1960

Bob Hayes had an official time of 10.0 seconds in the final, breaking the Olympic record by 0.2 seconds and matching the world record. His official time of 9.9 seconds in the semifinals did not count for records purposes because of wind assistance.

Results

First round

The top three runners in each of the 10 heats advanced. The Official Report describes the weather for these heats as 'rainy'. The wind varied widely, between a 2.85 m/s headwind (in heat 3) and a 1.60 m/s tailwind (in heat 6).[4]

Heat 1
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Hideo Iijima Japan10.3Q
2Bernard Laidebeur France10.5Q
3Edvin Ozolin Soviet Union10.5Q
4Kenneth Powell India10.7
5Zbigniew Syka Poland10.7
6Jean-Louis Ravelomanantsoa Madagascar10.8
7Sara Camara Mali11.3

Heat 2
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Trenton Jackson United States10.5Q
2Peter Radford Great Britain10.6Q
3B. El Maachi Bouchaib Morocco10.6Q
4Csaba Csutorás Hungary10.7
5Johan Du Preez Rhodesia10.7
6Jeong Gi-seon South Korea11.0
7Arnulfo Valles Philippines11.1

Wind, -2.51 m/s

Heat 3
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Gaoussou Koné Ivory Coast10.5Q
2Mel Pender United States10.5Q
3Michael Ahey Ghana10.6Q
4Franciscus Luitjes Netherlands10.6
5Wilton Jackson Trinidad and Tobago10.6
6Lynn Davies Great Britain10.7
7Gerardo di Tolla Peru10.9
8Lee Ar-tu Republic of China11.2

Heat 4
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Marian Dudziak Poland10.6Q
2Stanley Fabian Allotey Ghana10.6Q
3John Owiti Kenya10.6Q
4Carlos Lorenzo Mexico10.7
5George Collie Bahamas10.9
6Masaru Kamata Japan10.9
7Ho Thành Chinh Vietnam11.9
—Nikolay Politiko Soviet UnionDNS

Heat 5
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Harry Jerome Canada10.5Q
2Claude Piquemal France10.5Q
3Lloyd Murad Venezuela10.8Q
4James Odongo Uganda10.9
5Gusman Kosanov Soviet Union10.9
6Abdoulaye N'Diaye Senegal11.0
7Levy Psawkin Israel11.1

Heat 6
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Heinz Schumann United Team of Germany10.5Q
2Dennis O. Johnson Jamaica10.6Q
3William Earle Australia10.7Q
4Serafino Antao Kenya10.7
5Huba Rozsnyai Hungary10.8
6Alf Meakin Great Britain10.8
7David Njitock Cameroon11.1
8Akbar Babakhanlou Iran11.1

Heat 7
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Wiesław Maniak Poland10.5Q
2Arquímedes Herrera Venezuela10.5Q
3Mani Jegathesan Malaysia10.6Q
4José de Rocha Portugal11.0
5Bassirou Doumbia Senegal11.0
6Francisco Gutiérrez Colombia11.0
7Iftikhar Shah Pakistan11.4

Heat 8
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Bob Hayes United States10.4Q
2Tom Robinson Bahamas10.5Q
3Bob Lay Australia10.5Q
4Ito Jiani Italy10.6
5Rogelio Onofre Philippines10.7
6Khudher Zalada Iraq11.1
—David Ejoke NigeriaDNS

Heat 9
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Fritz Obersiebrasse United Team of Germany10.4Q
2Iván Moreno Chile10.5Q
3Pablo McNeil Jamaica10.5Q
4László Mihályfi Hungary10.6
5Gary Holdsworth Australia10.6
6Max Barandun Switzerland10.7
7Jeffery Smith Northern Rhodesia10.8
–Wesley Johnson LiberiaDNF

Heat 10
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Enrique Figuerola Cuba10.5Q
2Lynn Headley Jamaica10.5Q
3Roger Bambuck France10.6Q
4Manfred Knickenberg United Team of Germany10.7
5Léon Yombe Republic of the Congo10.8
6Alberto Torres Dominican Republic10.9
7Suthi Manyakass Thailand10.9
8Rogelio Rivas Spain11.1

Quarterfinals

The top four runners in each of the four second round heats advanced to the semifinals. The weather was cloudy and winds were tailwinds throughout.[5]

Quarterfinal 1
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Harry Jerome Canada10.3Q
2Trenton Jackson United States10.4Q
3Fritz Obersiebrasse United Team of Germany10.4Q
4Gaoussou Koné Ivory Coast10.4Q
5Dennis O. Johnson Jamaica10.5
6Marian Dudziak Poland10.5
7Bernard Laidebeur France10.5
8William Joseph Earle Australia10.9

Wind, +1.90 m/s

Quarterfinal 2
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Enrique Figuerola Cuba10.3Q
2Wiesław Maniak Poland10.3Q
3Bob Lay Australia10.4Q
4Claude Piquemal France10.4Q
5Edvin Ozolin Soviet Union10.4
6B. El Maachi Bouchaib Morocco10.5
7John Owiti Kenya10.6

Quarterfinal 3
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Tom Robinson Bahamas10.3Q
2Mel Pender United States10.4Q
3Iijima Hideo Japan10.5Q
4Pablo McNeil Jamaica10.5Q
5Mani Jegathesan Malaysia10.6
6Ivan Moreno Chile10.6
7Stanley Fabian Allotey Ghana10.7
8Lloyd Murad Venezuela10.7

Quarterfinal 4
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Bob Hayes United States10.3Q
2Arquimedes Herrera Venezuela10.4Q
3Lynn Headley Jamaica10.4Q
4Heinz Schumann United Team of Germany10.5Q
5Peter Radford Great Britain10.5
6Roger Bambuck France10.5
7Michael Ahey Ghana10.6

Semifinals

The top four runners in each of the two semifinals advanced to the final. The weather was described as "fine," with lower humidity than the first two rounds and a temperature of 23.8 degrees Celsius. There was a strong tailwind for the first semifinal and a moderate headwind for the second.[6]

Semifinal 1

The tailwind speed of 5.28 m/s meant this semifinal was ineligible for record purposes.

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Bob Hayes United States9.9Q
2Wiesław Maniak Poland10.1Q
3Tom Robinson Bahamas10.2Q
4Heinz Schumann United Team of Germany10.3Q
5Robert William Lay Australia10.3
6Pablo McNeil Jamaica10.3
7Arquimedes Herrera Venezuela10.4
8Trenton Jackson United States10.6

Semifinal 2
RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
1Harry Jerome Canada10.3Q
2Gaoussou Koné Ivory Coast10.4Q
3Enrique Figuerola Cuba10.4Q
4Mel Pender United States10.4Q
5Claude Piquemal France10.5
6Lynn Headley Jamaica10.5
7Iijima Hideo Japan10.6
8Fritz Obersiebrasse United Team of Germany10.6

Final

Until the Tokyo Olympics world records were measured by officials with stopwatches, measured to the nearest tenth of a second. Although fully automatic timing was used in Tokyo, the times were given the appearance of manual timing. This was done by subtracting 0.05 seconds from the automatic time and rounding to the nearest tenth of a second, making Hayes' time of 10.06 seconds convert to 10.0 seconds (a new Olympic record and matching the existing world record), despite the fact that the officials with stopwatches had measured Hayes' time to be 9.9 seconds,[7] and the average difference between manual and automatic times was typically 0.15 to 0.20 seconds. This unique method of determining the official time therefore denied Hayes the record of being the first to officially record 9.9 seconds for the 100 meters. The first official times of 9.9 seconds were recorded at the "Night of Speed" in 1968.

The final was run in "fine" weather, with a tailwind of just over a metre per second.[6] Hayes ran on lane one, which had been damaged by competitors in the men's 10,000 metres and the men's 20 km walk. Nevertheless, his "margin of victory was described by Track & Field News as 'insulting to an Olympic final field.'"[2]

RankAthleteNationTimeNotes
Bob Hayes United States10.0=WR
Enrique Figuerola Cuba10.2
Harry Jerome Canada10.2
4Wiesław Maniak Poland10.4
5Heinz Schumann United Team of Germany10.4
6Gaoussou Koné Ivory Coast10.4
7Mel Pender United States10.4
8Tom Robinson Bahamas10.5
  • Wind speed= +1.1 m/s (2.5 mph)
The 100 m final. Left-right: Tom Robinson, Wiesław Maniak, Harry Jerome, Gaoussou Koné, Enrique Figuerola, Heinz Schumann, Bob Hayes

References
  1. "Athletics at the 1964 Tokyo Summer Games: Men's 100 metres". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
  2. "100 metres, Men". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  3. "Horacio conquistó el mundo hace 47 años". Solodeportes (in Spanish). Venezuela. 15 August 2011. Archived from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
  4. Official Report, vol. 2, pp. 19–20.
  5. Official Report, vol. 2, p. 20.
  6. Official Report, vol. 2, p. 21.
  7. revisionist history: men's 100 WR. trackandfieldnews.com. 1 November 2013
  • Official Report
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