Augustyn Łukosz
Augustyn Łukosz (17 August 1884 – 27 October 1940) was a Polish national activist and socialist politician from the region of Zaolzie, Czechoslovakia. He was a member of the Polish Socialist Workers Party, the social democratic party active amongst the Polish minority in interbellum Czechoslovakia.[1] In 1935 Łukosz founded the Polish Social Democratic Party (PPSD).[2]
Augustyn Łukosz | |
|---|---|
 Augustyn Łukosz | |
| Member of the Silesian Parliament | |
| In office 1938–1939 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 17 August 1884 Stonawa (Steinau), Austrian Silesia, Austria-Hungary Modern Stonava, Moravia-Silesia, Czech Republic |
| Died | 27 October 1940 (aged 56) Mauthausen-Gusen, Upper Austria, Nazi Germany |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Political party | Polish Socialist Workers Party |
| Spouse(s) | Teresa Szewczyk |
| Children | Augustyna, Waleria |
Life
After graduating from the school in Stonawa, Łukosz worked as a coal miner in a mine in Karwina, and later as a railwayman, working as a switchman at the train station in Łąki nad Olzą. Łukosz was already in his youth engaged in the workers' movement, becoming a member of the Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia (PPS-DG) and later the Polish Socialist Party. After division of Cieszyn Silesia, he stayed in Czechoslovakia, where he co-founded the Polish Socialist Workers Party (PSPR). He represented its faction opposed to the cooperation with communists. Łukosz contributed to the PSPR magazine Robotnik Śląski (Silesian Worker) and co-founded the Polish Educational-Sporting Association "Siła" in Czeski Cieszyn (Czech: Český Těšín).[1]
In August 1934 he was expelled from the PSPR due to the ideological discrepancies with the party leadership.[3] He advocated the cooperation with the rest of the Polish organizations in Czechoslovakia, whereas the PSPR leadership followed the cooperation with the Czech social democrats.[1]
From March to July 1935 he edited the PPSD press organ Naprzód (Forward). After the annexation of Zaolzie region to Poland in 1938, President Ignacy Mościcki named him a deputy of the Silesian Parliament, where Łukosz was a deputy until the outbreak of World War II. In 1938 he was awarded the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta.[3]
During the Nazi occupation, Łukosz was interred in the concentration camp in Skrochovice near Opava.[1] On 16 April 1940, he was moved to Dachau concentration camp, and later to Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp,[1] where he died from exhaustion on 27 October 1940.
Footnotes
- "Někteří uvěznění: Augustyn Łukosz (17.8.1884, Stonava – 27.10.1940, Mauthausen)". Moravskoslezský kraj. Koncentrační tábor, Skrochovice. Smírčí kříže.cz. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
- Gawrecki 2000, 242.
- Marcoń, Witold (September 2012). "Sylwetki trzech posłów zaolziańskich do Sejmu Śląskiego w Katowicach". Zwrot: 38–39.
References
- Gawrecki, Dan (2000). "Polské politické strany v Habsburské monarchii a v Československé republice". In Pavel Marek; et al. (eds.). Přehled politického stranictví na území českých zemí a Československa v letech 1861–1998. Olomouc: Katedra politologie a evropských studií FFUP. pp. 238–244. ISBN 80-86200-25-6.
- Polski Słownik Biograficzny Polskiej Akademii Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN. Kraków