Austin Gipsy
The Austin Gipsy[lower-roman 1] is an off-road vehicle produced by Austin from 1958 to 1968. It was designed as a lower-cost replacement for the Austin Champ, to compete directly with Rover's Land Rover. Like the Land Rover, it was aimed at both the civilian and military markets.
| Austin Gipsy | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Austin (BMC) |
| Production | 1958–1968 |
| Assembly | United Kingdom New Zealand Sydney (Australia) Bogota (Colombia)[1] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | Four-wheel drive |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | Austin (A70) OHV 62 hp (46 Kw) petrol diesel 2200cc 55 bhp (41 kW) |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 139 in (3,531 mm) or 160 in (4,064 mm)[2] |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Austin Champ |
History
Post-war, the FV1800 Nuffield Mudlark, later to become the FV1801 Austin Champ, had been designed as the first of the new CT series of soft-skin military vehicles for the British Army.[3][4] The Mudlark used the new Rolls-Royce B40 engine, all-independent suspension based on Tracta joints and a 24V electrical system with a two-speed high-capacity generator capable of powering a FFW version.[5] Despite these technical features, the resultant vehicle was not popular or successful, being seen as over-complicated, and a maintenance and repair nightmare.[6] The Champ was also expensive, compared to simpler vehicles.[7] The later Gipsy was a reaction to both the failure of the Champ, and the success of the Land Rover.
Both the Champ and the Gipsy were significantly different from the American Jeep, the Gipsy being much closer in design, appearance and price to the Land Rover.
Unlike the Land Rover, the Gipsy's bodywork was steel. The suspension was sophisticated, independent suspension all round using "Flexitor" rubber springs developed by Alex Moulton, giving the Gipsy the ability to travel at high speeds over rough terrain. In due course, later models offered leaf springs as an option on the front and rear.[8] It used a BMC 2199 cc petrol engine based on the one in the Austin A70; the compression ratio was 6.8:1, making the petrol-powered vehicle tolerant of low octane fuel.[8] A 2178 cc diesel-engined version was also offered.[8] The Gipsy was first available with a 90-inch (2286 mm) short wheelbase (SWB). A 111-inch (2819 mm) long wheelbase (LWB) version became available from Series II.
When BMC merged with Leyland to form British Leyland, the Austin Gipsy and the Land Rover were being produced by the same company. Production of the Gipsy was stopped after some 21,208 vehicles had been sold.
The Austin Gipsy was assembled from CKD packs in New Zealand at the Austin distributor's Petone factory which was directly opposite Todd Motor's assembly plant for Rootes Group and Chrysler Australia's products. Austin Maxis were later assembled in the same factory.[2]
See also
References
- Austin spelled "Gipsy" with an "i"; the much later Maruti Gypsy off-road vehicle used a "y".
- Ian Walker, Rover down under…, www.aronline.co.uk Retrieved 21 June 2015
- Robson, Graham (2006). A-Z British Cars 1945–1980. Devon, UK: Herridge & Sons. ISBN 0-9541063-9-3.
- Ware (1994), p. 55.
- Ware, Pat (1994). In National Service. Warehouse Publications. pp. 55–59. ISBN 0-9525563-0-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- "The new light 4×4 with which the British Army has planned to replace the Jeep". Autocar. 23 June 1950.
- Ware (1994), p. 59.
- Ware (1994), p. 58.
- Howard, Geoffrey (18 May 1967). "Market Select: Another Look at the British Cars Tested Since Last Spring". Autocar. 126. (nbr 3718): 4–14.