Aythya

Aythya is a genus of diving ducks. It has twelve described species. The name Aythya comes from the Ancient Greek word αυθυια (aithuia), which may have referred to a sea-dwelling duck or an auklet.[1]

Aythya
Common pochard (Aythya ferina)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Anseriformes
Family: Anatidae
Tribe: Aythyini
Genus: Aythya
F. Boie, 1822
Species

12 species, see text

Aythya shihuibas was described from the Late Miocene of China. Zelenkov (2016) transferred the species Anas denesi Kessler (2013), known from the late Miocene of Hungary, to the genus Aythya.[2] An undescribed prehistoric species is known only from Early Pleistocene fossil remains found at Dursunlu, Turkey;[3] it might however be referrable to a paleosubspecies of an extant species considering its age (see also Greater scaup).

The Miocene "Aythya" arvernensis is now placed in Mionetta, while "Aythya" chauvirae seems to contain the remains of two species, at least one of which does not seem to be a diving duck.[4]

The genus Aythya was introduced in 1822 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie. The type species is the greater scaup.[5][6]

Aythya species
ImageScientific nameCommon nameDistributionConservation status
A. valisineriaCanvasbackNorth Americaleast concern
A. ferinaCommon pochardNorthern Europe into Asiavulnerable
A. americanaRedheadNorth America, from as far north as Northern Canada to the lower United Statesleast concern
A. collarisRing-necked duckNorthern United States and Canadaleast concern
A. australisHardheadAustralia, New Guinea, New Zealand, and the islands of the Pacificleast concern
A. baeriBaer's pochardSoutheast Russia and northeast China, migrating in winter to southern China, Vietnam, Japan, and Indiacritically endangered
A. nyrocaFerruginous duckFrom Iberia and the Maghreb east to western Mongolia, south to Arabianear threatened
A. innotataMadagascar pochardMadagascarcritically endangered
A. novaeseelandiaeNew Zealand scaupNew Zealandleast concern
A. fuligulaTufted duckThroughout temperate and northern Eurasia; occasional visitor to the United States and Canadaleast concern
A. marilaGreater scaupAlaska, northern Canada, Siberia, and the northernmost reaches of Europeleast concern
A. affinisLesser scaupAlaska through western Canada to western Montana, Central Americaleast concern

Phylogeny

Based on the Taxonomy in Flux from John Boyd's website.[7]

 
(Nyroca)
 

?A. baeri (Radde 1863) (Baer's pochard)

 
 

?A. innotata (Salvadori 1894) (Madagascan pochard)

 
 

A. nyroca (Güldenstädt 1769) (Ferruginous duck)

 
 

A. australis (Eyton 1838) (Hardhead)

 
 
 
(Aristonetta)
 

A. americana (Eyton 1838) (Redhead)

 
 
 

A. ferina (Linnaeus 1758) (Common pochard)

 
 

A. valisineria (Wilson 1814) (Canvasback)

 
 
 
(Aythya)
 
 

A. affinis (Eyton 1838) (Lesser scaup)

 
 

A. marila (Linnaeus 1761) (Greater scaup)

 
 
 
 

?A. novaeseelandiae (Gmelin 1789) (papango; New Zealand scaup)

 
 

?A. collaris (Donovan 1809) (Ring-necked duck)

 
 

A. fuligula (Linnaeus 1758) (Tufted duck)

 
 
 
 
 

See also

References
  1. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 64. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  2. Nikita V. Zelenkov (2016). "РЕВИЗИЯ НЕВОРОБЬИНЫХ ПТИЦ ПОЛГАРДИ (ВЕНГРИЯ, ВЕРХНИЙ МИОЦЕН). 1. Anseriformes". Paleontological Journal. 50 (5).
  3. Louchart, Antoine; Mourer-Chauviré, Cécile; Guleç, Erksin; Howell, Francis Clark & White, Tim D. (1998): L'avifaune de Dursunlu, Turquie, Pléistocène inférieur: climat, environnement et biogéographie. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris IIA 327(5): 341-346. [French with English abridged version] doi:10.1016/S1251-8050(98)80053-0 (HTML abstract)
  4. Worthy, Trevor H.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Jones, C.; McNamara, J.A. & Douglas, B.J. (2007): Miocene waterfowl and other birds from central Otago, New Zealand. J. Syst. Palaeontol. 5(1): 1-39. doi:10.1017/S1477201906001957 (HTML abstract)
  5. Boie, Friedrich (1822). Tagebuch gehalten auf einer Reise durch Norwegen im Jahre 1817 (in German). Schleswig. pp. 308, 351.
  6. Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-List of Birds of the World. Volume 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 482.
  7. Taxonomy in Flux Boyd, John (2007). "Aythyini" (PDF). Retrieved 30 August 2016.
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