Baseball stirrups

Baseball stirrups, also called stirrup socks or simply stirrups, are socks that are part of a traditional baseball uniform, giving the uniform a distinctive look. Stirrup socks are usually one of a team's traditional colors, and are worn over long socks that are usually white in color. The stirrup sock lacks toe and heel sections, instead having a loop (a stirrup) which fits within the arch of the foot. Over the years, the stirrup loop tended to get longer, exposing more of the white undersock, thus creating a look unique to baseball. Most contemporary players in Major League Baseball (MLB) do not wear stirrup socks, as uniform pants that extend all the way down to the ankle have become increasingly popular since the mid-1990s.

Players at the 1937 Major League Baseball All-Star Game wearing traditional stirrup socks

History

High socks were incorporated as part of the baseball uniform because baseball players wore knickerbockers ("knickers"), which were commonly worn by boys in the late 19th century and into the 20th century. The high socks used by baseball players are called sanitary socks ("sanitaries"), traditionally white in color, because color dyes of the era were thought to pose health issues.[1] In 1905, Nap Lajoie suffered an infected spike wound, attributed to the dye in his socks, that nearly resulted in his leg being amputated.[2] Also, a less expensive white sock could be changed more frequently.

Stirrup socks are worn on top of sanitary socks and serve to display team colors, stripes or team logos. For example, for several years the Minnesota Twins wore navy blue stirrups with "TC" on the side (for "Twin Cities") and the Houston Astros wore navy blue stirrup socks with an orange star on the side. The stirrup sock colors were also the basis of team names, including the Cincinnati Red Stockings, Boston Red Sox, and Chicago White Sox.

By the 1980s, many players were pulling the stirrup loop so high that only the white sanitary sock and the stirrup loop itself showed, with the rest of the stirrup sock being hidden by their pants. Eventually, this reached a point where a "two-in-one" sock was created; it mimics the look of a stirrup sock over a white sock, simply being a high white sock with a colored stripe down each side.[1] The minor-league Springfield Cardinals wear a two-in-one version of the traditional St. Louis Cardinals' stirrup sock and sanitary sock combination, which looks very much like the real thing. Another option used by players has been to forego stirrup socks and wear solid-color knee-high socks with knickers.

Stirrup socks were worn by most baseball players until the early-2000s, when Major League Baseball (MLB) players began wearing their pants down to the ankles, setting a trend soon picked up by players at all levels. Also, increasingly lax regulation of uniform codes eventually contributed to many players ignoring the traditional look. As stirrup socks were a recognizable feature of baseball uniforms for more than a half-century, traditionalists lament the contemporary "sockless" look in baseball uniforms.

Some players, such as Chris Archer (MLB debut 2012), Francisco Lindor (MLB debut 2015), and Josh Outman (MLB debut 2008) returned to wearing real stirrup socks over sanitary socks. A trend back to knickers and high socks is also particularly evident among youth and high-school teams.

  • Lou Gehrig in 1923 wearing lengthy stirrup socks with short loops
  • Ron Cey batting in 1981 wearing stirrup socks with long loops
  • Kenny Lofton batting in 1996 wearing long pant legs
  • Brock Holt wearing solid-color socks with knickers in 2015
  • Francisco Lindor wearing stirrups in 2017

Rules

While the Official Baseball Rules are silent on stirrups, some players on a team wearing them while others do not seems to be in violation of Rule 1.11(a)(1), which states "all players on a team shall wear uniforms identical in color, trim and style," as well as Rule 1.11(a)(3), which states "no player whose uniform does not conform to that of his teammates shall be permitted to participate in a game."[3] For many years, teams had enforced rules so that uniforms were worn "uniformly", including the team's socks. For example, Leo Durocher, manager of the Chicago Cubs in the late 1960s, had a measuring stick in the clubhouse. Players were required to match the length of their stirrup loops to the stick at about 4 inches (10 cm), exposing only a small part of the white sanitary sock.

Other sports
NFL official Cal Lepore wearing stirrup socks in 1977

Other sports also use, or have used, stirrup socks, but traditionally wore a white sweat sock over, instead of under, the colored stirrup game sock (e.g. basketball, football, hockey). For many years, American football officials commonly wore black baseball-style stirrups as part of their uniform (in some leagues by the 1980s, this would be replaced by one-piece stockings with the black/white stripes on the top half and a white bottom half) although this was done away with by the early 2010s as black full-length slacks replaced the traditional white knickers. There are still some sock companies manufacturing stirrup socks for baseball and other sports, including Twin City Knitting Company in Conover, North Carolina.

See also

References
  1. Vitez, Michael (August 29, 2011). "Baseball and socks appeal". philly.com. Archived from the original on September 11, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2011 – via Wayback Machine.
  2. Humphreys, Michael A. (2011). Wizardry: Baseball's All-Time Greatest Fielders Revealed. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 339. ISBN 978-0-19-539776-5. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  3. Baseball Explained by Phillip Mahony, McFarland Books, 2014. See www.baseballexplained.com Archived 2014-08-13 at the Wayback Machine
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