Blue-tailed damselfly

Subspecies and varieties include:[2]

• Ischnura elegans ebneri Schmidt, 1938
• Ischnura elegans elegans (Vander Linden, 1820)
• Ischnura elegans pontica Schmidt, 1939
• Ischnura elegans f. infuscans
• Ischnura elegans f. infuscans-obsoleta
• Ischnura elegans f. rufescens
• Ischnura elegans f. typica
• Ischnura elegans f. violacea

This species is present in most of Europe.[3] It is an extremely common species.

These damselflies can be found in a wide range of lowland environments, with standing and slow flowing waters, brackish and polluted water.[4]

Ischnura elegans can reach a body length of 27–35 millimetres (1.1–1.4 in) and a wingspan of about 35 millimetres (1.4 in). Hindwings reach alength of 14–20 millimetres (0.55–0.79 in).[5] Adult male blue-tailed damselflies have a head and thorax patterned with blue and black. There is a bi-coloured pterostigma on the front wings. Eyes are blue.[4] They have a largely black abdomen with very narrow pale markings where each segment joins the next. Segment eight, however, is entirely pale blue.[4] At rest, the wings of most damselfly species are held back together, unlike dragonflies, which rest with their wings out flat. The thorax of juvenile males has a green tinge.[5]

Female blue-tailed Damselflies come in a variety of colour forms.[4] Juveniles may be salmon pink, form rufescens; violet, form violacea and a pale green form. The colour darkens as the damselfly ages. Mature females may be blue like the male, form typica; olive green thorax and brown spot, form infuscans or pale brown thorax and brown spot, form infusca-obseleta.[5][4]

Adults fly from April to September to early October.[4] The adult damselflies prey on small flying insects, caught using their legs like a basket to scoop the prey up while flying, or insects taken from leaves. Damselfly nymphs are aquatic, and prey on small aquatic insects or other aquatic larvae.

A male can try to interfere with a mating pair, by attaching itself to the mating male. The females always lay their eggs on the floating parts of the plants without any involvement of the male.

Blue-tailed Damselflies are superb fliers and can alter each of their four wing's kinematics in order to maneuver. A recent study has shown that they can compensate for a whole wing loss and even successfully maneuver and catch prey.[6]

• 
  Mating, female f. typica
• 
  nymph
• 
  emerging
• 
  Immature male
• 
  teneral female form rufescens
• 
  Female form rufescens
• 
  Female form violacea
• 
  Female form rufescens-obsoleta

• Media related to Ischnura elegans at Wikimedia Commons
• Data related to Ischnura elegans at Wikispecies