Boehmeria

Boehmeria is a genus of 47 species of flowering plants in the nettle family Urticaceae. Of the species, 33 are indigenous to the Old World and 14 to the New World; no species is indigenous to both the Old and New Worlds. The species include herbaceous perennials, shrubs and small trees. Although related to the similar-looking species of the stinging nettles of genus Urtica, species of Boehmeria do not have stinging hairs. Because of the similarity in appearance, some species are commonly called "false nettles".

Boehmeria
Boehmeria grandis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Urticaceae
Tribe: Boehmerieae
Genus: Boehmeria
Jacq.
Type species
Boehmeria ramiflora
Jacq. 1760
Species

47 species, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Duretia Gaudich. 1830 nom. nud.
  • Ramium Kuntze 1891 nom. illeg.
  • Splitbergera Miq. 1840

This genus is named in honor of the German botanist, Georg Rudolf Boehmer.

Fossil record

14 fossil fruits of †Boehmeria sibirica have been extracted from borehole samples of the Middle Miocene fresh water deposits in Nowy Sacz Basin, West Carpathians, Poland.[2]

Cultivation and uses

One species, ramie (Boehmeria nivea) is an important fibre crop. Some are also used as ornamental plants.

Boehmeria species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Bedellia boehmeriella, which feeds exclusively on B. grandis.

Species

New World species

The following species are found in the New World:[1]

  • Boehmeria aspera Wedd. 1856
  • Boehmeria brevirostris Wedd. 1854
  • Boehmeria bullata Kunth 1817
    • subsp. bullata Kunth 1817
    • subsp. coriacea (Killip) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 1996
    • subsp. notobullata Friis & Wilmot-Dear 1996
  • Boehmeria caudata Sw. 1788
  • Boehmeria celtidifolia Kunth 1817
  • Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. 1788
  • Boehmeria dolichostachys Friis & Wilmot-Dear 1996
  • Boehmeria excelsa (Bertero ex Steud.) Wedd. 1854
  • Boehmeria pavonii Wedd. 1854
  • Boehmeria radiata Burger 1975
  • Boehmeria ramiflora Jacq. 1760
  • Boehmeria repens (Griseb.) Wedd. 1869
  • Boehmeria ulmifolia Wedd. 1854

Old World species

The following species are found in the Old World:[3][4][5]

  • Boehmeria beyeri C. B. Rob. 1911
  • Boehmeria clidemioides Miq. 1851
    • var. clidemioides Miq. 1851
    • var. diffusa (Wedd.) Hand.-Mazz. 1929
    • var. umbrosa Hand.-Mazz. 1929
  • Boehmeria conica C.J.Chen, Wilmot-Dear & Friis 2003
  • Boehmeria densiflora Hook. & Arn. 1838
    • var. boninensis (Nakai) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. densiflora Hook. & Arn. 1838
  • Boehmeria depauperata Wedd. 1854
  • Boehmeria didymogyne Wedd. 1869
  • Boehmeria grandis (Hook. & Arn.) A.Heller 1897
  • Boehmeria hamiltoniana Wedd. 1856
  • Boehmeria helferi Blume 1857
  • Boehmeria heterophylla Wedd. 1856
    • var. blumei (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. heterophylla Wedd. 1856
  • Boehmeria holosericea Blume 1857
  • Boehmeria japonica (L.f.) Miq. 1867
    • var. japonica (L.f.) Miq. 1867
    • var. silvestrii (Pamp.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. tenera (Blume) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
  • Boehmeria kurzii Hook.f. 1888
  • Boehmeria lanceolata Ridl. 1911, nec 1910
  • Boehmeria leptostachya Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010
  • Boehmeria listeri Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010
  • Boehmeria manipurensis Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010
  • Boehmeria multiflora C.B.Rob. 1908
  • Boehmeria nivea (L.) Hook f. & Arn. 1837
  • Boehmeria ourantha Miq. 1851
  • Boehmeria penduliflora Wedd. ex D.G.Long 1982
  • Boehmeria pilosiuscula (Blume) Hassk. 1844
    • var. pilosiuscula (Blume) Hassk. 1844
    • var. suffruticosa Acharya, Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
  • Boehmeria polystachya Wedd. 1856
  • Boehmeria rugosissima (Blume) Miq. 1851
  • Boehmeria sieboldiana Blume 1857
    • var. sieboldiana Blume 1857
    • var. fuzhouensis (W.T.Wang) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
  • Boehmeria siamensis Craib 1916
  • Boehmeria splitgerbera Koidz. 1926
  • Boehmeria subintegra Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2010
  • Boehmeria ternifolia D.Don 1825
    • var. ternifolia D.Don 1825
    • var. kamley (Acharya & Yonek.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
  • Boehmeria tsaratananensis Leandri 1950
  • Boehmeria virgata (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837
    • subsp. virgata (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837
    • var. virgata (G.Forst.) Guill. 1837
    • var. velutina Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. maxima Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. austroqueenslandica (Domin) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • subsp. macrophylla (Hornem.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. macrophylla (Hornem.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. molliuscula (Blume) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. tomentosa (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. macrostachya (Wight) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. longissima (Hook.f.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. canescens (Wedd.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. rotundifolia (D.Don) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. minuticymosa Acharya, Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. scabrella (Roxb.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. sumatrana (Miq.) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. densiglomerata (W.T.Wang) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
    • var. strigosa (W.T.Wang) Friis & Wilmot-Dear 2013
  • Boehmeria yaeyamensis Hatus. 1979
  • Boehmeria zollingeriana Wedd. 1854
    • var. podocarpa (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang & C.J.Chen 2003
    • var. zollingeriana Wedd. 1854

Synonyms

The following names have been synonymized:[4]

References
  1. Wilmot-Dear CM, Friis I. (1996). The New World species of Boehmeria and Pouzolzia (Urticaceae, tribus Boehmerieae). A taxonomic revision. Opera Botanica. 129. Copenhagen, Denmark: Council for Nordic Publications in Botany. pp. 1–103. ISBN 87-88702-37-5.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  2. Łańcucka-Środoniowa M.: Macroscopic plant remains from the freshwater Miocene of the Nowy Sącz Basin (West Carpathians, Poland) [Szczątki makroskopowe roślin z miocenu słodkowodnego Kotliny Sądeckiej (Karpaty Zachodnie, Polska)]. Acta Palaeobotanica 1979 20 (1): 3-117.
  3. Wilmot-Dear, C.M.; Friis, I (2013). "The Old World species of Boehmeria (Urticaceae, tribus Boehmerieae). A taxonomic revision" (PDF). Blumea. 58 (2): 85–216. doi:10.3767/000651913X674116.
  4. Wilmot-Dear, C.M.; Friis, I; Govaerts, R.H.A. (2014). "Nomenclatural corrections to the taxonomic revision of The Old World species of Boehmeria (Urticaceae, tribus Boehmerieae) by Wilmot-Dear & Friis (2013)" (PDF). Blumea. 59 (2): 95–97. doi:10.3767/000651914X684691.
  5. Wilmot-Dear CM, Friis I, Thomas Z. (2010). "New Species in Old World Boehmeria (Urticaceae)". Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 67 (3): 431–450. doi:10.1017/S0960428610000144.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
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