Botrytis (fungus)

Botrytis is a genus of anamorphic fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae. Botrytis (also known as grey mold) belongs to the group hyphomycetes and has about 30 different species. It is a plant parasite as well as saprophytes on both agricultural and forest trees. It produces stout, dark, branching conidiophores that bear clusters of paler conidia (grey in mass) on denticles from apical ampullae. It is a common outdoor fungus and can be detected in spore trap samples. The fungus is often found growing on indoor plants. Although no mycotoxin has been reported from this fungus, it may cause hay fever, asthma and keratomycosis.[2] The most common species is B. cinerea, which is a plant pathogen causing gray mould on a very broad range of hosts including some common ornamental plants, such as geranium, begonia, rose, lily, dogwood, rhododendron, dahlia, Magnolia, and camellia [3] [4] and fruits and produce. This fungus is mainly of outdoor origin, although it may be from growth on fruits or flowers brought in from outdoors. Some houseplants can be infected by this fungus, such as cyclamen, poinsettia, chrysanthemum, and gerbera.[4] Other species of Botrytis may be present, such as B. peoniae on peonies, B. squamosa on onion, and B. tulipae on tulips. These species of Botrytis share some common characteristics in pathology and ecology.

Botrytis
Botrytis cinerea infection on strawberry
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Leotiomycetes
Order: Helotiales
Family: Sclerotiniaceae
Genus: Botrytis
P.Micheli ex Pers. (1794)
Type species
Botrytis cinerea
Pers. (1794)
Synonyms[1]
  • Botrytis P.Micheli (1729)
  • Botrytis sect. Cristularia Sacc. (1886)
  • Cephalocladium Rchb. ex Mussat (1900)
  • Haplaria Link (1809)
  • Polyactis Link (1809)
  • Coccotrichum Link (1824)
  • Penicillium Fr. (1832)
  • Pterodinia Chevall. (1837)
  • Phymatotrichum Bonord. (1851)
  • Cristularia (Sacc.) Costantin (1888)

Species
  • Botrytis aclada
  • Botrytis allii
  • Botrytis allii-fistulosi
  • Botrytis ampelophila
  • Botrytis anacardii
  • Botrytis anthophila
  • Botrytis argillacea
  • Botrytis arisaemae
  • Botrytis artocarpi
  • Botrytis bifurcata
  • Botrytis bryi
  • Botrytis capsularum
  • Botrytis carnea
  • Botrytis caroliniana
  • Botrytis carthami
  • Botrytis cercosporaecola
  • Botrytis cercosporicola
  • Botrytis cinerea
  • Botrytis citricola
  • Botrytis citrina
  • Botrytis convallariae
  • Botrytis croci
  • Botrytis cryptomeriae
  • Botrytis densa
  • Botrytis diospyri
  • Botrytis elliptica
  • Botrytis fabae
  • Botrytis fabiopsis
  • Botrytis galanthina
  • Botrytis gladioli
  • Botrytis gossypina
  • Botrytis hormini
  • Botrytis hyacinthi
  • Botrytis isabellina
  • Botrytis latebricola
  • Botrytis liliorum
  • Botrytis limacidae
  • Botrytis luteobrunnea
  • Botrytis lutescens
  • Botrytis mali
  • Botrytis monilioides
  • Botrytis necans
  • Botrytis paeoniae
  • Botrytis peronosporoides
  • Botrytis pistiae
  • Botrytis platensis
  • Botrytis pruinosa
  • Botrytis pseudocinerea
  • Botrytis pyramidalis
  • Botrytis rivoltae
  • Botrytis rosea
  • Botrytis rubescens
  • Botrytis rudiculoides
  • Botrytis sekimotoi
  • Botrytis septospora
  • Botrytis setuligera
  • Botrytis sinoallii
  • Botrytis sonchina
  • Botrytis splendida
  • Botrytis squamosa
  • Botrytis taxi
  • Botrytis terrestris
  • Botrytis tracheiphila
  • Botrytis trifolii
  • Botrytis tulipae
  • Botrytis viciae-hirsutae
  • Botrytis yuae

Conidia

Conidia colorless, gray to pale brown, smooth, ellipsoidal, obovoid, or subspherical, mostly nonseptate. With the presence of a conidiophore, it is not difficult to identify this genus. However, it is a quite challenging to identify its conidia in the samples of spore count. Conidia of this genus are often described as unidentified fungal spores.

Conidiophore

Conidiophores gray to brown, straight or flexuous, smooth, branched, often dichotomously or trichotomously, with branch ends often enlarged. A conidiophore forms a long stipe and a dense head.

References
  1. "Synonymy: Botrytis P. Micheli ex Pers". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2015-02-27.
  2. http://www.pasteurlaboratory.com/common1.htm
  3. Horst, R. Kenneth (1990), "Introduction", Westcott’s Plant Disease Handbook, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1–6, ISBN 978-1-4615-8145-1, retrieved 2020-11-02
  4. Sutton, John C.; Li, De-Wei; Peng, Gang; Yu, Hai; Zhang, Pinggao; Valdebenito-Sanhueza, R. M. (April 1997). "GLIOCLADIUM ROSEUM A VERSATILE ADVERSARY OF BOTRYTIS CINEREA IN CROPS". Plant Disease. 81 (4): 316–328. doi:10.1094/pdis.1997.81.4.316. ISSN 0191-2917.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.