Cándido Bareiro

Around him quickly gathered the remaining Lopez loyalists who on March 31, 1869 founded the Republican Union Club which in early 1870 become the Club del Pueblo and after February 17, 1878 Club Libertad and who published their newspaper La Voz del Pueblo.

Bareiro faction was also known as lopiztas because of their loyalty to the memory of President Lopez and it was opposed to the Decoud faction who had established their rival Club del Pueblo (after March 23, 1870 the Gran Club del Pueblo). Both of these factions were crucial for the establishment of the Colorado Party in 1887.

Together with Bernardino Caballero he was one of the organizers of the revolt against the Presidency of Salvador Jovellanos. Despite this, after the removal of Benigno Ferreira in February 1874 he was appointed a Foreign minister by Jovellanos. In this capacity he went to London where he tried to negotiate the war loan payment crisis. He served as Minister of Finance of Paraguay during the Presidencies of Juan Bautista Gill and Higinio Uriarte from August 1876 to August 1878.[3]

Map of the disputed Chaco region

Lopez Palace in Asuncion

On November 25, 1878 he finally was elected to the Presidency. His government included:

• Adolfo Saguier, Vice-president.
• Juan Antonio Jara, Treasury.
• Bernardino Caballero, Minister of Interior.
• Jose Segundo Decoud and Jose Antonio Baez, Ministers of Justice, Culture and Public Education.
• Patricio Escobar and Pedro Duarte, Ministers of War and Navy.
• Benjamin Aceval and Jose Segundo Decoud, Ministers of Foreign Affairs.

On October 1877 he had involved in the murders of imprisoned former President Facundo Machain and others suspected in the assassination of President Gill. In December 1878 he probably was involved in the assassination of former President Rivarola. His political ally Bernardino Caballero was the main organizer of these murders.[4] In June 1879 he suppressed the Galileo uprising led by the exiled Juan Silvano Godoi.

During his rule Paraguay won part of the disputed Gran Chaco territory. This decision was made by international commission led by the US President Rutherford Hayes, in whose honor Presidente Hayes Department was created. After this decision, the Decoud-Quijarro treaty was signed on 15 October 1879 that recognized Bolivia's claims to northern Chaco, but it was never ratified. Argentina handed over territory of the West Villa, currently Villa Hayes where the first ice factory of the country was established.

Despite being almost bankrupt, Government proceeded with the construction of the Palace of Lopez; the Nueva Germania was established, bringing German immigrants to Paraguay; Pedro Juan Aponte was appointed as the first post-war bishop of Paraguay and Argentine Penal Code adopted.

After Bareiro's death his vice-president Adolfo Saguier was prevented from assuming Presidency by a bloodless coup led on September 4, 1880 by Bernardino Caballero. Saguier was arrested and the Senate was informed that he has resigned. Caballero then was elected to Presidency.

Earlier in the year 1867 Solano Lopez thought in recommending Bareiro to the mission to travel to the United States to thank the authorities for their thoughtful participation. Unfortunately certain formalities were not entirely fulfilled by Bareiro. The Marshal had ignored a first act of disobedience on his part, but other events that occurred lacked accountability. Lopez ordered to delegate Benitez to Peru and to express the declaration of repudiation by the Paraguayan government towards the treaty of the Triple Alliance. Bareiro did not focus properly on the indication, so he recklessly send a letter, dated December 14, 1866.

It is said that one of the mistakes of Lopez was to choose Bareiro as Chargé d'affaires of Paraguay in Europe. Some accused him of the defeat of Paraguay in the war, since his mission was to travel to Europe to buy weapons, but these were lost because of his incompetence. All this had no justification whatsoever, so on January 20, 1868, Bareiro was forced to surrender his position.