C.D. Cobreloa

Cobreloa is a relatively new club, having been founded on 7 January 1977. The name Cobreloa comes from combining the Spanish word for copper (cobre), and loa, after the province and the Loa River, the longest river in Chile, which is located near Calama and Chuquicamata, the world's largest open pit copper mining|mine.

The club was able to establish itself in Chile's top flight very quickly, earning promotion after its first season, where they have stayed ever since. Only four years after their foundation, Cobreloa reached the finals of the Copa Libertadores in 1981, losing in a third match to Brazilian club Flamengo. Cobreloa reached the Copa Libertadores final the following year, losing to Peñarol of Uruguay. The club also reached the semi-final of the Copa Libertadores in 1987.

They have competed in the Copa Libertadores de América 13 times, 3 times in the Copa Sudamericana and twice in the Copa CONMEBOL. In 1995 they reached the quarter-finals and the following year were eliminated in the first round. Cobreloa have 8 Primera División titles and 1 Copa Chile title making them the most successful side outside Santiago in Chile and one of the four biggest clubs of the country.

Card with Cobreloa 2019 membership

In 2019 to get a membership of the club can be by the assistant to the headquarters of the club in Calama in Abaroa street N°1757 or through the online platform in the official website of the institution with previous registration. The necessary documents to get a membership are passport or ID Card and a photo.[8]

The oldest oficial member of the club, is Rodolfo Yáñez Rojas, who is member since the foundation of the institution.[9]

The first official supporters group was created in 1977, called Barra Oficial de Cobreloa by the workers from the El Loa province; Orlando Navarro, Mario Paniagua and José Santos Rodriguez and the support of the club directors.[10]

In 1982, 35 CODELCO workers established the supporters group, Barra Chuquicamata. On this decade was created de group of supporters Mario Soto, tribute to Defense of the club, who dressed the club colors until 1985. They were characterized because they support with musical instruments.[10]

In 1994 was created the supported group, Huracan Naranja, from the Santiago de Chile fans group Vicente Cantatore.[10]

A poll called, Encuesta GFK Adimark, study who is the most popular team on Chile. Cobreloa in 2015 reached the most high value on the poll, with a 1,5% of the total of the population polled.[11] And in the 2018 the lowest value with 0,9%.[12] In both polls the team was the 5th most popular club in country. In Región de Antofagasta the team reach since 2015 until 2019 the 12,752% of preference of the population.

The Cobreloa supporters, specifically the CODELCO Workers are known for been donates a day of salary to contribute to pay his signing pass of the defender, Mario Soto.

The traditional color of the team was inspired in Netherlands National Football Team in the 70's according to the former president, José Gorrini.

The traditional color of Cobreloa is orange, according to president, José Gorrini, the color of the club was selected due to give tribute to Netherlands National Football Team, in the 70's this selection was very popular by players like Johan Cruyff. Also, by commercial reasons this color was selected due obtain travel discounts in the national airline, Ladeco (Línea aérea del Cobre), whose corporative color was orange.[16]

A painting inside the Municipal de Calama of badge of the club with the eight titles won ultil 2004.

The first Cobreloa kit was red shirt and white shorts due lack of clothing, so its improvised in February 1977, valid for Copa Chile, facing up Regional Antofagasta.[17][18] Since 1977 the classical kit of the team is full orange, with some modifications, like 1992–93 season with white shorts, in 2009–10 the official kit was change with white socks. The away kit has been mostly full white, until 2001–2006 year it changed by color black, also in 2013–15 and 2017–18 seasons alternating with white color during those years.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Club de Deportes Cobreloa kits.

The first commemorative shirt of the club was in 2007, with Spanish sportswear company, Kelme. That attire was a special logo on them.[19] In December 2016, the sportswear company, Macron, announced for sale a commemorative shirt to celebrate 40 years of the club; the design was similar to the 1980s kits style.[20]

On 4 February 2019, was shown its first third kit in Cobreloa, being the black the color that was elected due to the popular choice of the club fans.[21]

The first badge was created by Enrique Escala,[22] inspired by the symbol of copper, make reference to corporate logo of Codelco also, with a soccer ball insert instead the ball in the company logo. This badge has been changed multiple times, especially in the kits. The most notable change was change the name Cobreloa below the badge instead Calama word and adding the "Cobreloa" words in the upper side of the badge.[23]

The first anthem of the club was written and composed by the musician and writer, Alejandro Álvarez Vargas—the winning contestant from a contest advertised through the local radio station[24]

The first mascot of the club was a cartoon fox called Loíto; it was the original idea and creation of journalist, Alfredo Llewellyn Bustos. The design of the mascot was by the director René Vásquez Rodríguez. The mascot appears for the first time on a handbill of the club for membership recruitment and also in the local journal El Mercurio de Calama in 1977 with the purpose of following the activities of the team week-by-week.[25]

Traditional color of the team

1992–93 years

2009 kit

Kit suppliers and shirt sponsors

Team Kit from 2005-to 2019

Period	Kit supplier	Shirt main sponsor	Notes
1982–1984	Adidas	None
1985–1988	Penalty
1989–1991	Adidas
1992	Reusch
1993–1994	Adidas	Cristal
1995	Uhlsports
1996–1997	Puma
1998	Le Coq Sportif
1999	Kelme
2000–2001	Adidas	None	Change of away kit colors from white to black.
2002	Adidas	Sky
2003–2004	Adidas	Turbus
2005	Diadora	Pullman Bus
2006		None
2007	Kelme	Lider Presto	First Commemorative kit to celebrate 30 years of the club.
2008	Garcis	Hino
2008	Lotto
2009		Nissan
2010	Mitre	Pal Airlines
2011		Finning CAT
2012–2015	Lotto
2015–present	Macron		In 2017, the 40-year commemorative shirt in special format was made available for sale. In 2019, the first third kit of the team, with black colors was added.

Estadio "Zorros del Desierto" de Calama

The Orange Hell
Location	Matta Avenue, no Number, Calama, Chile
Owner	Municipality of Calama
Operator	Municipality of Calama
Capacity	12,346 seatings
Construction
Broke ground	3 February 2013
Opened	12 November 1952
Renovated	18 April 2015
Construction cost	US$ 8.66 million
Architect	Gerardo Marambio Cortés Claudio Aceituno Husch Patricia Vidal Aguayo
Tenants
Club de Deportes Cobreloa Deportes Iquique

Since 1977 the first home ground of the club was the Estadio Municipal de Calama, who played the national league and internationals Cups matches until 27 January 2013. The last match that was played by the team in this stadium was against Colo-Colo, the team won 5–2.[27]

For the two finals of Copa Libertadores the team played in the Estadio Nacional de Chile, in 1981 and 1982, against Clube de Regatas do Flamengo and Club Atletico Peñarol respectively.[28]

In February 2013 due to the renovation of the Stadium, the team had to play in another's home ground, the first stadium at which it was elected to play was the Parque Estadio Juan López located in Antofagasta.[29] For the first class matches the stadium elected was the Tierra de Campeones on Iquique, where Club de Deportes Universidad Católica plays.[30]

The complaints of the team about the infrastructure of the stadium Juan López, the directing of the club made negotiations with the Municipality of Antofagasta to play in the Stadium Calvo y Bascuñan, in this homeground the team played the Copa Sudamericana matches, with Club Atletico Peñarol and Club Deportivo La Equidad and local first Class matches of the Local League for the rest of the year.[31]

From June of this year, the main stadium at which the team played mostly the national league, in the recently inaugurated stadium Estadio Luis Becerra Constanzo, formerly called Estadio la Madriguera de Calama in Calama, the team inaugurated the home ground in a Copa Chile match against Club de Deportes Cobresal.

Since 2015, the team plays in the stadium Zorros del Desierto of Calama. The first match was against Club de Deportes Antofagasta. The team plays the local competitions like the Primera B de Chile and Copa Chile.

Primera División Trophies the team won through its history.

The team have won 8 domestic Leagues and the 1986 Copa Chile.

Hector Puebla holds the most appearances with the club with 663 and holds the most appearances in domestics leagues with 457, on 16 years in the team (1980-1996), also, is the player with most titles with the club with 5 domestic leagues (1980, 1982, 1985, 1988, 1992) and the 1986 national Cup.[32]

Juan Covarrubias is the all-time goalscorer for the team, with 147, and the top goalsorer in domestics leagues with 105 goals. He won with the team the domestics titles on 1988 and 1992.[33]

The higher transfer fee on Chile was Eduardo Vargas transfer to the Universidad de Chile, with 1.365 millon USD.[34]

This institution owns the fifth local unbeaten streak of the world, which extended from 22 December 1980 until 22 September 1985, with a total of 91 matches without loss in Calama for Domestic Matches.[35]

• Club records
  • Largest victory: 10–0 (v. O'Higgins in the Copa Chile, 1979)
  • Largest Primera División victory: 9–0 (v. Regional Atacama in 1983)
  • Heaviest Primera División defeat: 1–6 (v. Huachipato in 1998)
• Individual records
  • Most league goals in a single season: 42 (Patricio Galaz in 2004)
  • Most league goals in total: 104 (Juan Covarrubias)
  • Most goals in total: 144 (Juan Covarrubias)
  • Most Primera División appearances: 446 (Héctor Puebla from 1980 to 1996)
  • Most appearances in total: 662 (Héctor Puebla from 1980 to 1996)

The club is managed by Sociedad Anonima Deportiva Profesional (Professional Sports Corporation) format in Chile, through the Chilean law, N° 20.019 relativa a las Organizaciones Deportivas Profesionales (Related to Professional Sports Organizations). This law allow to organize, produce, marketing and participate in professional sports activities in the country.[36]

On 2 October 2017, the club made an extraordinary assembly with the members of the club, the assistance of these with suffrage right was of 86. The purpose was to reform the statute regime of the club in that moment. This renewed statutes lay down the official address of the club, Calama, the indefinite length time of the directory and the unlimited number of member who could be owns.[37]

This statute allude the principles and objectives of the institution, the rights and duties of the members, the heritage and the administration, the members general assemblies, the directory, the duties of the directors of the corporation, subsidiaries of the club and the rules of this.[37]

• (in Spanish) Libro Oficial Cobreloa Un Impacto en el Desierto (2007), Carlos Gómez/Cedep, Chile
• Historia del Deporte Chileno: Entre la pasión y la ilusión [Chilean Sport History: Between the pasion and the ilusion] (PDF) (in Spanish). Chile: Comisión Bicentenario Presidencia de la República. June 2007. ISBN 978-9-56-780865-6.

• (in Spanish) Official site
• (in Spanish) Huracan Naranja
• (in Spanish) Mundo Loíno