CO2 Coalition

The CO2 Coalition is a nonprofit climate change denial advocacy organization in the United States founded in 2015.[1][2] The group's claims are disputed by the vast majority of climate scientists.[1] The organization has 55 members.[3] The organization been funded by energy industry firms and conservative activists who oppose climate change mitigation policies, such as the Mercer Family Foundation and Koch brothers.[4][1] It is viewed as the successor to the George C. Marshall Institute.[5]

CO2 Coalition
Motto"Carbon Dioxide is Essential for Life"
Founder(s)Roger Cohen, William Happer, Rodney W. Nichols
Established2015 (2015)
FocusEnvironmental policy
Location
Arlington, Virginia
,
United States
Websiteco2coalition.org

The CO2 Coalition was one of over 40 organizations to sign a letter dated May 8, 2017, to president Donald Trump thanking him for his campaign promise to withdraw from the Paris Agreement,[6] an action Trump announced 3 weeks later on June 1, 2017.

Criticism

There is limited evidence to suggest that an increase in carbon dioxide would be beneficial for plant growth, in the long term. Carbon dioxide is rarely the limiting factor for natural plant growth.[7]

The consensus that humans are causing recent global warming is shared by 90–100% of publishing climate scientists according to six independent studies by co-authors of a 2016 paper. Those results are consistent with the 97% consensus reported by Cook et al (Environ. Res. Lett. 8 024024) based on 11 944 abstracts of research papers, of which 4014 took a position on the cause of recent global warming. A survey of authors of those papers (N = 2412 papers) also supported a 97% consensus.[8]

Atmospheric CO
2 concentrations over the past millennium. From a pre‐industrial level of approximately 280 ppm in the atmosphere, CO
2 concentrations have risen to over 370 ppm in the year 2000. By the end of the 21st century – depending on future industrial trends – concentrations are projected to reach 540 to 970 ppm (Prentice et al. 2001).

Climate change is likely to stimulate the development of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic waters, with negative consequences for water quality of many lakes, reservoirs and brackish ecosystems across the globe.[9]

Air pollution needs to be addressed as visible threat. A total of 54 000 and 27 500 premature deaths can be avoided by a 20% reduction of global anthropogenic emissions in Europe and the US, respectively (The article subsumizes the surface concentrations of O3, CO, SO2 and PM2.5 in their so labeled "Economic Valuation of Air Pollution-index") . A 20% reduction of North American anthropogenic emissions avoids a total of  ∼  1000 premature deaths in Europe and 25 000 total premature deaths in the US. A 20% decrease of anthropogenic emissions within the European source region avoids a total of 47 000 premature deaths in Europe. Reducing the east Asian anthropogenic emissions by 20% avoids  ∼  2000 total premature deaths in the US. These results show that the domestic anthropogenic emissions make the largest impacts on premature deaths on a continental scale, while foreign sources make a minor contribution to adverse impacts of air pollution. However, the results of the study are not based on CO2 emissions. [10]

Air pollution already costs a lot. In the entire Medicare population, there was significant evidence of adverse effects related to exposure to PM2.5 and ozone at concentrations below current national standards. This effect was most pronounced among self-identified racial minorities and people with low income. (Supported by the Health Effects Institute and others.)[11]

Generally, global past and planned land usage of the Earth is not with the view of helping plants grow.[12] Much of the Earth's biodiversity is facing extinction[13] due to human activity all while CO
2 has been rising.

See also

References
  1. "WHITE HOUSE: Trump adviser created group to defend CO2". www.eenews.net. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
  2. "WHITE HOUSE: 'Red team' revived under physicist who sees 'CO2 drought'". www.eenews.net. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
  3. "CO2 Coalition | About".
  4. Waldmann, Scott (February 25, 2019). "'Adversarial' reviewers recruit climate skeptics". E&E News.
  5. Vaidyanathan, Gayathri (December 10, 2015). "Think tank that cast doubt on climate change science morphs into smaller one". E&E News. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
  6. "Letter to President Trump in support of campaign commitments to withdraw from the Paris Climate Treaty" (PDF). May 8, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 12, 2017 – via Competitive Enterprise Institute.
  7. Beedlow, Peter A.; Tingey, David T.; Phillips, Donald L.; Hogsett, William E.; Olszyk, David M. (2004). "Rising atmospheric CO2 and carbon sequestration in forests". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2 (6): 315–322. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0315:RACACS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1540-9309.
  8. Cook, John; Oreskes, Naomi; Doran, Peter T.; Anderegg, William R. L.; Verheggen, Bart; Maibach, Ed W.; Carlton, J. Stuart; Lewandowsky, Stephan; Skuce, Andrew G.; Green, Sarah A.; Nuccitelli, Dana (April 2016). "Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming". Environmental Research Letters. 11 (4): 048002. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002. ISSN 1748-9326.
  9. Visser, Petra M.; Verspagen, Jolanda M. H.; Sandrini, Giovanni; Stal, Lucas J.; Matthijs, Hans C. P.; Davis, Timothy W.; Paerl, Hans W.; Huisman, Jef (2016-04-01). "How rising CO2 and global warming may stimulate harmful cyanobacterial blooms". Harmful Algae. Global Expansion of Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms: Diversity, ecology, causes, and controls. 54: 145–159. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2015.12.006. ISSN 1568-9883.
  10. Im, Ulas; Brandt, Jørgen; Geels, Camilla; Hansen, Kaj Mantzius; Christensen, Jesper Heile; Andersen, Mikael Skou; Solazzo, Efisio; Kioutsioukis, Ioannis; Alyuz, Ummugulsum; Balzarini, Alessandra; Baro, Rocio (2018-04-27). "Assessment and economic valuation of air pollution impacts on human health over Europe and the United States as calculated by a multi-model ensemble in the framework of AQMEII3". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 18 (8): 5967–5989. doi:10.5194/acp-18-5967-2018. ISSN 1680-7316. PMC 6070159. PMID 30079086.
  11. Di, Qian; Wang, Yan; Zanobetti, Antonella; Wang, Yun; Koutrakis, Petros; Choirat, Christine; Dominici, Francesca; Schwartz, Joel D. (2017-06-29). "Air Pollution and Mortality in the Medicare Population". New England Journal of Medicine. 376 (26): 2513–2522. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1702747. ISSN 0028-4793. PMC 5766848. PMID 28657878.
  12. Seto, Karen C.; Fragkias, Michail; Güneralp, Burak; Reilly, Michael K. (2011-08-18). "A Meta-Analysis of Global Urban Land Expansion". PLOS ONE. 6 (8): e23777. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023777. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3158103. PMID 21876770.
  13. Pimm, Stuart L.; Raven, Peter (February 2000). "Extinction by numbers". Nature. 403 (6772): 843–845. doi:10.1038/35002708. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 10706267. S2CID 4310784.
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