Caenoplana coerulea

Caenoplana coerulea, known as the Blue Planarian or Blue Garden Flatworm is a species of land planarian.

Caenoplana coerulea
Caenoplana coerulea, the Blue Planarian.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Platyhelminthes
Class:
Rhabditophora
Order:
Tricladida
Family:
Geoplanidae
Subfamily:
Rhynchodeminae
Tribe:
Caenoplanini
Genus:
Caenoplana
Species:
C. coerulea
Binomial name
Caenoplana coerulea
Moseley, 1877

Description

This is a long narrow flatworm, which is shiny black or dark brown on the upper surface, and mid-blue underneath (hence the specific epithet and the common name of "blue planarian".) There is a narrow creamy/fawn coloured longitudinal stripe running down the center of the upper surface. Multiple eyespots are present. The head on some individuals has a pinkish appearance. The adult length is 6 to 12 cm.

Range

This flatworm's native range is eastern Australia and New Zealand. This species has however been accidentally introduced to the Balearic Islands,[1] Argentina,[2] Canary Islands,[3] France,[4] and the USA (including California, Florida, Georgia, Texas, South Carolina and Iowa).[5]

Habitat

It is found in moist forest areas, and during drier periods it shelters under rocks, rotting logs and in leaf litter. It is often seen after periods of heavy rain.

Life habits

This planarian is a predator of a variety of invertebrates on the forest floor. It is known to feed on several arthropod groups, such as woodlice, millipedes and earwigs, as well as on land snails.[2]

Showing color variation and more detail

  • Caenoplana coerulea
  • Caenoplana coerulea
  • Caenoplana coerulea
  • Caenoplana coerulea upturned

References
  1. Breugelmans, Karin; Quintana Cardona, Josep; Artois, Tom; Jordaens, Kurt; Backeljau, Thierry (2012). "First report of the exotic blue land planarian, Caenoplana coerulea (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae), on Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain)". ZooKeys (199): 91–105. doi:10.3897/zookeys.199.3215. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3368283. PMID 22711997.
  2. Luis-Negrete, Lisandro; Brusa, Francissco; Winsor, Leigh (2011). "La planaria terrestre azul Caenoplana coerulea, un invasor en Argentina". Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad. 82: 287–291.
  3. Suárez, Daniel; Martín, Sonia; Naranjo, Manuel (2018). "First report of the invasive alien species Caenoplana coerulea Moseley, 1877 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) in the subterranean environment of the Canary Islands" (PDF). Subterranean Biology. 26: 67–74. doi:10.3897/subtbiol.26.25921. ISSN 1314-2615.
  4. Justine, Jean-Lou; Thévenot, Jessica; Winsor, Leigh (2014). "Les sept plathelminthes invasifs introduits en France". Phytoma (in French). 674: 28–32. doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.1447202.
  5. Ogren, R. E. 2001. The Blue Planarian: A New Locality
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