Capture of Montserrat

The Capture of Montserrat was accomplished by a French naval expedition that seized the island of Montserrat from the British on 22 February 1782 during the American Revolutionary War.

This article is about the capture of the Caribbean island of Montserrat by the French in 1782. It is not to be confused with Napoleonic War battle for the mountain near Barcelona in 1811.
Capture of Montserrat
Part of the American Revolutionary War
Date22 February 1782
Location
Montserrat, West Indies
Result French victory
Belligerents
 France  Great Britain
Commanders and leaders
Comte de Barras
Charles François Joseph, Comte de Flechin		 Gov. Michael White
Strength
4 ships
500 men		 Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown, minimum Unknown casualties
68 artillery guns taken

Background

Following the Franco-American success in the October 1781 Siege of Yorktown, French Admiral François Joseph Paul de Grasse returned to the West Indies to continue campaigning against British-held islands there. In concert with the French governor of the West Indies, the Marquis de Bouillé, he sought to capture Barbados, a key British possession. However, two separate attempts to reach the island (which is to the windward of most of the Caribbean islands and can require a lengthy journey against the prevailing easterly trade winds to reach) failed. The leaders then turned to other targets, beginning with St. Kitts, which was besieged on January 11, 1782. St. Kitts fell on February 13, at which point de Grasse detached a squadron to take Montserrat.

Capture

The Comte de Barras, commander of the squadron, dispatched Count of Flechin; along with 500 men from the Régiment Auxerrois, to capture the island from the British. At the time of its surrender, British artillery on Montserrat consisted of 62 pieces of cannon of different bores and six howitzers.

Montserrat was occupied by the French until it was returned pursuant to the terms of the 1783 Treaty of Versailles.[1]

Notes
  1. Black p.59

References
  • Chartrand, Rene. The French Army in the American War of Independence Osprey Publishing (1992) ISBN 1-85532-167-X
  • Black, Jeremy. A Military History of Britain: From 1775 to the Present Praeger Publishers (2006). ISBN 0-275-99039-7

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