Centrin

Centrins, also known as caltractins, are a family of calcium-binding phosphoproteins found in the centrosome of eukaryotes. Centrins are present in the centrioles and pericentriolar lattice.[2][3] Human centrin genes are CETN1, CETN2 and CETN3.

Caltractin
Crystal structure of the SdCen/skMLCK complex.[1]
Identifiers
OrganismScherffelia dubia
Symbolcaltractin
RefSeq (mRNA)X69220
UniProtQ06827

History

Centrin was first isolated and characterized from the flagellar roots of the green alga Tetraselmis striata in 1984.[4]

Function

Centrins are required for duplication of centrioles.[3] They may also play a role in severing of microtubules by causing calcium-mediated contraction.[5] The majority of centrin in the cell is non-centrosomal whose function is not yet clear.[6]

Structure

Centrin belongs to the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins and has four calcium-binding EF-hands.[7] It has a molecular weight of 20 kDa.[8]

See also

References
  1. "RCSB Protein Data Bank - Structure Summary for 3KF9 - Crystal structure of the SdCen/skMLCK complex".
  2. Baron, A. T.; Greenwood, T. M.; Bazinet, C. W.; Salisbury, J. L. (1992). "Centrin is a component of the pericentriolar lattice". Biology of the Cell. 76 (3): 383–388. doi:10.1016/0248-4900(92)90442-4. PMID 1305481. S2CID 85374106.
  3. Salisbury JL, Suino KM, Busby R, Springett M (2002). "Centrin-2 is required for centriole duplication in mammalian cells". Curr. Biol. 12 (15): 1287–92. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01019-9. PMID 12176356. S2CID 1415623.
  4. Salisbury JL, Baron A, Surek B, Melkonian M (1984). "Striated flagellar roots: isolation and partial characterization of a calcium-modulated contractile organelle". J. Cell Biol. 99 (3): 962–70. doi:10.1083/jcb.99.3.962. PMC 2113404. PMID 6381510.
  5. Wolfrum, U. (1995). "Centrin in the photoreceptor cells of mammalian retinae". Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton. 32 (1): 55–64. doi:10.1002/cm.970320107. PMID 8674134.
  6. Paoletti A, Moudjou M, Paintrand M, Salisbury JL, Bornens M (1996). "Most of centrin in animal cells is not centrosome-associated and centrosomal centrin is confined to the distal lumen of centrioles". J. Cell Sci. 109 (Pt 13): 3089–102. PMID 9004043.
  7. Salisbury JL (1995). "Centrin, centrosomes, and mitotic spindle poles". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7 (1): 39–45. doi:10.1016/0955-0674(95)80043-3. PMID 7755988.
  8. Levy YY, Lai EY, Remillard SP, Heintzelman MB, Fulton C (1996). "Centrin is a conserved protein that forms diverse associations with centrioles and MTOCs in Naegleria and other organisms". Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 33 (4): 298–323. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1996)33:4<298::AID-CM6>3.0.CO;2-5. PMID 8801035.


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