Chamchamal
Chamchamal (Kurdish: Çemçemal ,چهمچهماڵ,[1][2] Arabic جمجمال, ) is a town located in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Controlled by Kurdistan, it is the town which is nearest located to the disputed territories of Northern Iraq. Chamchamal is home to the Gorani-speaking Hamawand tribe.[3]
Chamchamal | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 | |
  Chamchamal  Chamchamal | |
| Coordinates: 35°32′0″N 44°50′0″E | |
| Country |  Iraq |
| Autonomous region |  Kurdistan Region |
| Province | Sulaymaniyah Governorate |
| Population (2018) | |
| • Total | 65,300 |
Population and location
The city is a 30 minutes drive east from Kirkuk and an hour west of Sulaymaniyah.[4] The population was 58,000 in 2003.[4] The population in 2018 was 65,300 people, including Arabs.
History
The city has a historic citadel, and early Western observers of the region speculated that it has been inhabited since the Sassanid period.[5] The Chamchamal valley is also home to important paleolithic sites of Jarmo and Zarzi.[6]
Climate
| Climate data for Chamchamal | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
12.2 (54.0) |
16.6 (61.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
30.1 (86.2) |
36.7 (98.1) |
40.4 (104.7) |
40.2 (104.4) |
36.2 (97.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
20.1 (68.2) |
13.0 (55.4) |
25.7 (78.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
2.5 (36.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
15.8 (60.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.7 (76.5) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.6 (47.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
12.8 (55.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 126 (5.0) |
104 (4.1) |
108 (4.3) |
60 (2.4) |
29 (1.1) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
5 (0.2) |
47 (1.9) |
86 (3.4) |
565 (22.2) |
| Source: Climate-data.org | |||||||||||||
References
- "نووسینگهی پاسپۆرت له قهزای چهمچهماڵ دهكرێتهوه". www.peyam.net (in Kurdish).
- "Li Çemçemal û Silêmaniyeyê çalakiyên ciwanan -NÛ BÛ". ANF News (in Kurdish). Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- "Country Policy and Information Note Iraq: Blood feuds". 2017. p. 9. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
- "Letter From Chamchamal, Iraq — March 17, 2003". Poynter. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- "Historic landmarks under threat in Chamchamal, Iraqi Kurdistan". ekurd.net. 2009-09-01. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- (UNESCO), Sanz, Nuria (2015-09-07). Human origin sites and the World Heritage Convention in Eurasia. UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 9789231001079.
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