Charles Montagu, 1st Duke of Manchester

Charles Edward Montagu, 1st Duke of Manchester, PC (previously 4th Earl of Manchester) (c.1662  20 January 1722) was a British aristocrat and statesman.


The Duke of Manchester

Portrait of Lord Manchester by Godfrey Kneller, c.1711
British Ambassador to Venice
In office
1707–1708
MonarchAnne
Preceded bySir Lambert Blackwell (Acting)
Succeeded byChristian Cole (Acting)
English Ambassador to France
In office
1699–1701
MonarchWilliam III
Preceded byThe Earl of Jersey
Succeeded byThe Duke of Hamilton
Personal details
Born
Charles Edward Montagu

c.1662
Died20 January 1722(1722-01-20) (aged 59–60)
Spouse(s)
Hon. Doddington Greville
(m. 1690; died 1720)
RelationsRobert Montagu (brother)
Heneage Montagu (brother)
Children4
ParentsRobert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester
Alma materTrinity College, Cambridge

Early life

Charles was born c.1662 into the Noble House of Montagu. He was the eldest son of the former Anne Yelverton and Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester.[1] Among his siblings were Lady Anne Montagu (wife of James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk) and politicians the Hon. Robert Montagu and the Hon. Heneage Montagu, both MPs for Huntingdonshire. After his father's death in 1683, his mother married Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax.[2]

His paternal grandparents were Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester and his second wife Lady Anne Rich (a daughter of Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick). His maternal grandparents were Sir Christopher Yelverton, 1st Baronet of Easton Maudit and Anne Twysden (daughter of Sir William Twysden, 1st Baronet).[3]

He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge,[4] and succeeded to his father's earldom in 1683. Warmly sympathizing with the Whig revolution of 1688, he attended William and Mary at their coronation, and fought under William at the Boyne.[5][6]

Career

In 1697, he was sent as an Envoy to Venice to try to procure the release of British sailors, but the Venetians proved unwilling to negotiate. On his return in 1698, he was appointed a privy councillor. The following year he was sent as English Ambassador to France, remaining there until the outbreak of war in 1701. He was then briefly appointed Secretary of State for the Southern Department, a post he held between January and May 1702. He was then out of office until again sent to Venice, as Ambassador, but during his time there in 1707 and 1708, this negotiations (to persuade Venice to adhere to the Grand Alliance) were again unsuccessful.

In 1714, he received an appointment in the household of George I, by whom on 28 April 1719 he was created Duke of Manchester.[5]

In 1719, he was one of the main subscribers to the Royal Academy of Music, a corporation that produced baroque opera on the stage. He also served as High Steward of the University of Cambridge from 1697 to 1722.[3]

Personal life

On 19 February 1690, Lord Manchester was married the Hon. Doddington Greville (1671–1720). She was a daughter of Robert Greville, 4th Baron Brooke of Beauchamps Court and Anne (née Doddington) Greville (who married Thomas Hoby after the death of Lord Brooke in 1676). Together, they were the parents of:[3]

He died on 20 January 1722.[1]

Ancestry

See also

References

  1. Rigg, J. M. (2004). "Montagu, Charles, first duke of Manchester (c. 1662–1722)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19005. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) Revised by Matthew Kilburn as of May 2010.(subscription or UK public library membership required)
  2. "Manchester, Earl of (E, 1625/6)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  3. "Manchester, Duke of (GB, 1719)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  4. "Montagu, Charles (MNTG660C)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  5.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: McNeill, Ronald John (1911). "Manchester, Earls and Dukes of". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 543.
  6. "Montagu, Charles (1660?-1722)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  7. Burke, Bernard; Burke, Ashworth Peter (1910). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage and Baronetage, the Privy Council, Knightage and Companionage. Harrison. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
Political offices
Preceded by
The Viscount Grandison
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard
16701702
Succeeded by
Marquess of Hartington
Preceded by
James Vernon
Secretary of State for the Southern Department
1702
Succeeded by
The Earl of Nottingham
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by
British Envoy to Venice
16971698
Succeeded by
Preceded by
The Earl of Jersey
English Ambassador to France
16991701
Vacant
Title next held by
The Duke of Hamilton
Preceded by
British Ambassador to Venice
17071708
Succeeded by
Honorary titles
Preceded by
The Earl of Ailesbury
Lord Lieutenant of Huntingdonshire
16891722
Succeeded by
Viscount Hinchingbrooke
Peerage of England
Preceded by
Robert Montagu
Earl of Manchester
16831722
Succeeded by
William Montagu
Peerage of Great Britain
New title Duke of Manchester
17191722
Succeeded by
William Montagu
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