Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton
Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton PC JP (c. 1630[1] – 27 February 1699), was an English nobleman, the son of John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester, and his first wife, Jane Savage.[2]
The Duke of Bolton | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Custos Rotulorum of Hampshire | |
| In office 1670–1676 | |
| Monarch | Charles II |
| Preceded by | The Earl of Northumberland |
| Succeeded by | The Lord Annesley |
| Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire | |
| In office 20 December 1667 – 1675 | |
| Monarch | Charles II |
| Preceded by | The Earl of Southampton |
| Succeeded by | The Earl of Gainsborough |
| In office 4 April 1689 – 27 February 1699 | |
| Monarch | William III and Mary II (until 1694) |
| Preceded by | The Duke of Berwick |
| Succeeded by | The 2nd Duke of Bolton |
| Member of Parliament for Winchester | |
| In office 1660–1660 | |
| Preceded by | Thomas Cole |
| Succeeded by | Lawrence Hyde |
| Member of Parliament for Hampshire | |
| In office 1661–1675 | |
| Preceded by | Richard Norton |
| Succeeded by | Sir Francis Rolle |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Charles Paulet c. 1630 |
| Died | 27 February 1699 (aged 68–69) Amport, Hampshire |
| Resting place | St Mary's Church, Basing, Hampshire 51°16′17″N 1°02′48″W |
| Nationality | English |
| Spouse(s) | Christian Frescheville
(m. 1652; died 1653)Mary le Scrope
(m. 1655; died 1680) |
| Children | Jane Paulet Mary Paulet Charles Paulet, 2nd Duke of Bolton William Paulet |
| Parents | John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester (father) Jane Savage (mother) |
Career
Paulet succeeded his father as the sixth Marquess of Winchester in 1675. He was MP for Winchester in 1660 and then for Hampshire from 1661 to 5 March 1675.[1] Before his succession to the Marquessate he was styled Lord St John.[2]
He held the following offices:[1]
- Freeman, Winchester June 1660, Hartlepool 1670
- Justice of the Peace Hampshire July 1660-?d., Yorkshire (North Riding) 1664-?85, Surrey, Middlesex and Westminster 1671-?80, (East Riding) by 1680-85
- Commissioner for assessment, Hampshire August 1660–75, N. Riding 1663–75, West and East Ridings and County Durham 1673-5
- Commissioner for loyal and indigent officers, Hampshire 1662
- Lord Lieutenant Hampshire 1667–76, 1689-1699;
- Warden of the New Forest 1668–76, 1689-1699
- High Steward, Winchester 1669-84
- Custos rotulorum Hampshire 1670–6, 1689-1699
- Keeper of King's Lodge, Petersham 1671-?76
- Commissioner for recusants, Hampshire 1675
- Colonel of militia horse and foot by 1697-1699
- Privy Councillor 22 April 1679 – 1699
- Colonel of foot 1689-98
Having supported the claim of William and Mary to the English throne in 1688, he was restored to the Privy Council and to the office of Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire, and was created Duke of Bolton on 9 April 1689.[2] He built Bolton Hall, North Yorkshire in 1678.[3]
Character
An eccentric man, hostile to Lord Halifax and afterwards to the Duke of Marlborough, he is said to have travelled during 1687 with four coaches and 100 horsemen, sleeping during the day and giving entertainments at night. His adherence in adult life to the Church of England has been described as a great blow to the Roman Catholic community: his father (with whom his relationship was never good) had openly professed the Catholic faith, and used his wealth and influence to protect the Catholics of Hampshire.[4]
In 1666 he briefly went into hiding after becoming involved in a public fracas in Westminster Hall with Sir Andrew Henley, 1st Baronet. They fought in full view of the Court of Common Pleas, and were thus guilty of contempt coram rege. Both men in time received a royal pardon. Paulet, who admitted to striking the first blow, explained that he had been "in a passion" at the time. The precise cause of the quarrel is unknown. Samuel Pepys, who recorded the incident in the great Diary, remarked that it was a pity that Henley retaliated, for otherwise the judges might have dealt with Paulet, of whom Pepys had a poor opinion, as he deserved.[5] Despite his faults, his charm and affability made him numerous friends.
Marriage and issue
Charles Paulet married twice:
First marriage
He married as his first wife, 28 February 1652, Christian (13 December 1633 – 22 May 1653), daughter of John Frescheville, 1st Baron Frescheville of Staveley, Derbyshire and Sarah Harrington, and by her had a son:[2]
- Unknown Paulet, born May 1653, died May 1653
Christian, Lady St. John, died 22 May 1653 in childbirth and was buried with her infant at Staveley, Derbyshire.[2]
Second marriage
He married as his second wife, 12 February 1655, at St. Dionis Backchurch, London, Mary (died 1 November 1680), the illegitimate daughter of Emanuel Scrope, 1st Earl of Sunderland, widow of Henry Carey, Lord Leppington, and by her had issue:[1][6][7]
- Jane Paulet, c.1656–23 May 1716, married 2 April 1673 John Egerton, 3rd Earl of Bridgwater
- Mary Paulet
- Charles Paulet, 2nd Duke of Bolton, 1661–1722
- William Paulet, c.1663/7–
Mary, Lady Paulet died 1 Nov 1680, at Moulins, Allier, France, and was buried, 12 Nov 1680, at Wensley, Yorkshire.[8]
Death
Charles Paulet died suddenly at Amport on 27 February 1699, aged 68, and was buried 23 March at Basing, Hampshire.[1][8]
Footnotes
- Helms 1983.
- Cokayne II 1912, p. 210.
- "Bolton Hall, Preston-under-Scar". Britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- Kenyon, J.P The Popish Plot Phoenix Press reissue 2000 p.34
- Diary of Samuel Pepys 29 November 1666
- Cokayne II 1912, pp. 210-211.
- "Charles Powlett, Duke of Bolton". Family Search: Community Trees. British Isles. Peerage, Baronetage, and Landed Gentry families with extended lineage. Histfam.familysearch.org. Archived from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- Cokayne II 1912, p. 211.
Sources
- "Bolton Hall, Preston-under-Scar". Britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- "Charles Powlett, Duke of Bolton". Family Search: Community Trees. British Isles. Peerage, Baronetage, and Landed Gentry families with extended lineage. Histfam.familysearch.org. Archived from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
- Cokayne, George Edward (1912). Gibbs, Vicary (ed.). "The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom : extant, extinct, or dormant". London: St Catherine Press. p. 210.
- Helms, M. W. and Watson, Paula (1983). Henning, B. D. (ed.). "POWLETT, (PAULET), Charles I, Lord St. John of Basing (c.1630-99), of Lincoln's Inn Fields, London and Hackwood, Hants". The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1660-1690. Histparl.ac.uk. Retrieved 21 December 2013.
External links
- POWLETT, (PAULET), Charles I, Lord St. John of Basing (c.1630-99), of Lincoln's Inn Fields, London and Hackwood, Hants. A Biography
- Bolton Hall, Preston-under-Scar
| Parliament of England | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by John Hooke Thomas Cole |
Member of Parliament for Winchester 1660–1661 With: John Hooke |
Succeeded by Richard Goddard Lawrence Hyde |
| Preceded by Richard Norton John Bulkeley |
Member of Parliament for Hampshire 1661–1675 With: Sir John Norton |
Succeeded by Sir Francis Rolle Sir John Norton |
| Military offices | ||
| Regiment raised | Colonel of The Duke of Bolton's Regiment of Foot 1689–1697 |
Regiment disbanded |
| Colonel of Henry Holt's Regiment of Foot 1689–1697 | ||
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Southampton |
Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire 1667–1675 |
Succeeded by Edward Noel |
| Preceded by The Earl of Northumberland |
Custos Rotulorum of Hampshire 1670–1676 |
Succeeded by Lord Annesley |
| Preceded by The Duke of Berwick |
Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire 1689–1699 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Bolton |
| Peerage of England | ||
| New title | Duke of Bolton 1689–1699 |
Succeeded by Charles Paulet |
| Preceded by John Paulet |
Marquess of Winchester 1675–1699 | |