China 3 lychee

China 3 is a variety of lychee fruit, belonging to the family Sapindaceae and sub-family Nepheleae. This variety is one of the best grown in Bengal region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent.[2][3] The trees are only about 5 to 6 m tall with relatively smaller leaves. Bearing is regular if proper management and care is taken, otherwise they show an irregular bearing habit. China-3 was found to perform satisfactorily in other areas, except where rain starts earlier.

China 3 lychee
GenusLitchi
SpeciesLitchi chinensis
CultivarChina-3
OriginChina[1]

It is a late variety and fruits ripen in the last week of June. The average yield is 124 kg per tree. The round fruit is bigger with attractive red, orange skin colour. The pulp is creamy white, soft and juicy.[1]

Description

China 3[4][5] is a variety of lychee fruit. This is a late variety and fruits ripen in the last week of June. The average yield of 124 kg per each tree. However, on a regular basis does not bear fruit. The fruit size of china-3 is bigger with attractive skin colour.[6] Fruits are globose, with a composition of red, orange and patches of green colour. Average common weight of fruit is 25 g. Pulp is creamy white, soft and succulent. TSS 18 percent, seed small, pulp-seed ratio 15:1.[6]

Cultivation

The planting of China-3 lychee is generally done during June–July, i.e. during the rainy season, but the best planting time is May–June when the weather is humid but not too wet or too dry. Planting may also be done after the rainy season, i.e. August–September, but regular irrigation is required for better establishment of the orchard. In old orchards lychee trees were planted 10–12 m apart both ways, i.e. in rows and between plants in rows.[7] The spacing of 10 m is found to be adequate in areas where the soil is deep loam and fertile and when necessary care is taken during the initial stage of cultivation. In other areas 7–8 m distance was found to be sufficient. At present high density plantation has also started. In the case of high density planting the spacing is 4 m x 4 m.[6]

Harvest

Fruit quality of china-3 is the best among the available land races, the vast majority of which are harsh in taste with low pulp:stone proportion. The recently released BARI Lichu-3 resembles China-3 in size, shape, quality and taste, but is yet to be distributed to the farmers. The yield of china-3 lychee in Bangladesh, Eastern India and Northeastern India are growing, however, the average yield of lychee is far less and it can be increased substantially.[6]

  • A nearly ripened purple china 3 lychee, Bogra.
  • 25 g. weight of each lychee.
  • China 3 lychee grown in Bangladesh.

References
  1. চায়না-৩ লিচুর বৈশিষ্ট্য [Features of China-3 Lychee]. dinajpur.gov.bd (in Bengali). Dinajpur District, Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  2. Kumar, Manoj; Kumar, Vivek; Prasad, Ram; KumarVarma, Ajit (27 March 2017). The Lychee Biotechnology. India: Springer. p. 143. ISBN 9789811036446. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
  3. Kumar, Manoj; Kumar, Vivek; Bhalla-Sarin, Neera; KumarVarma, Ajit (29 May 2017). Lychee Disease Management. India: Springer. p. 205. ISBN 9789811042478. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  4. Hossain, Tanvir (15 June 2015). China 3 lychee (MP4). Bogra District, Bangladesh: YouTube. 3.32 minutes in. Archived from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  5. চায়না ৩ [China 3]. Jeeon (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
  6. Siddiqui, S. B. M. Abu Baker (29 August 2002). "Lychee Production in Bangladesh". National Project Director, Integrated Horticulture and Nutrition Development Project (BGD/97/041). Food and Agriculture Organization. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Regional office for Asia and the pacific, Bangkok, Thailand. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
  7. উন্নত জাতের লিচু চাষ [Advanced varieties of litchi cultivation]. National Infokosh (in Bengali). 17 November 2013. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
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