Chlormayenite

Chlormayenite (after Mayen, Germany), Ca12Al14O32[☐4Cl2], is a rare calcium aluminium oxide mineral of cubic symmetry.

Chlormayenite
Crystal structure of chlormayenite (Cl− ions are omitted for clarity)[1]
General
CategoryOxide mineral
Mayenite supergroup
Formula
(repeating unit)		Ca12Al14O32[☐4Cl2]
Strunz classification4.CC.20
Crystal systemCubic
Crystal classHextetrahedral (43m)
H-M symbol: (4 3m)
Space groupI43d
Unit cella = 11.98 Å; Z = 2
Identification
ColorColorless
Crystal habitMicroscopic anhedral grains
StreakWhite
DiaphaneityTransparent
Specific gravity2.85
Optical propertiesIsotropic
Refractive index1.614–1.643
Alters toAbsorbs water on exposure
References[2][3][4]

It was originally reported from Eifel volcanic complex (Germany) in 1964. It is also found at pyrometamorphic sites such as in the Hatrurim Formation of Israel and in some burned coal dumps.[5][2]

It occurs in thermally altered limestone xenoliths within basalts in Mayen, Germany and Klöch, Styria, Austria. In the Hatrurim of Israel it occurs in thermally altered limestones. It occurs with calcite, ettringite, wollastonite, larnite, brownmillerite, gehlenite, diopside, pyrrhotite, grossular, spinel, afwillite, jennite, portlandite, jasmundite, melilite, kalsilite and corundum in the limestone xenoliths. In the Hatrurim it occurs with spurrite, larnite, grossite and brownmillerite.[2]

Synthetic Ca12Al14O33 and Ca12Al14O32(OH)2 are known, they are stabilized by moisture instead of chlorine.[3][6] The formula can be written as [Ca12Al14O32]O,[7] which refers to the unique feature: anion diffusion process.[8]

Chlormayenite is also found as calcium aluminate in cement where its formula is also written as 11CaO·7 Al2O3·CaCl2, or C11A7CaCl2 in the cement chemist notation.

See also

References
  1. Hosono, H.; Tanabe, K.; Takayama-Muromachi, E.; Kageyama, H.; Yamanaka, S.; Kumakura, H.; Nohara, M.; Hiramatsu, H.; Fujitsu, S. (2015). "Exploration of new superconductors and functional materials, and fabrication of superconducting tapes and wires of iron pnictides". Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. 16 (3): 033503. arXiv:1505.02240. Bibcode:2015STAdM..16c3503H. doi:10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/033503. PMC 5099821. PMID 27877784.
  2. Anthony, John W.; Bideaux, Richard A.; Bladh, Kenneth W.; Nichols, Monte C., eds. (1997). "Mayenite". Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF). III (Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides). Chantilly, VA, US: Mineralogical Society of America. ISBN 0962209724.
  3. Chlormayenite. Mindat
  4. Mayenite. Webmineral
  5. Sokol E.V., Maksimova N.V., Nigmatulina E.N., Sharygin V.V. and Kalugin V.M. (2005) Combustion metamorphism, Novosibirsk: Publishing House of the SB RAS.
  6. Ginley, David; Hosono, Hideo; Paine, David C. (2010). Handbook of Transparent Conductors. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 318 ff. ISBN 978-1-4419-1638-9.
  7. Palacios, L; Cabeza, A; Bruque, S; García-Granda, S; Aranda, M. A. (2008). "Structure and electrons in mayenite electrides". Inorganic Chemistry. 47 (7): 2661–7. doi:10.1021/ic7021193. PMID 18281939.
  8. Boysen H., Kaiser-Bischoff I. and Lerch M. (2007) Anion Diffusion Processes in O- and N-Mayenite Investigated by Neutron Powder Diffraction. Bunsen Colloquium: Diffusion and Reactions in Advanced Materials (September 27th–28th, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany) / The Open-Access Journal for the Basic Principles of Diffusion Theory, Experiment and Application.
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