Chrysochus

The generic name Chrysochus Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836 is a conserved name. It was threatened by Eumolpus in the sense used by Kugelann in Illiger, 1798, which included Chrysomela praetiosa (now a junior synonym of Chrysochus asclepiadeus). An application to conserve Chrysochus and other names by suppressing Eumolpus Kugelann in Illiger, 1798 (modified to Illiger, 1798) was accepted by ICZN in 2012.[2][3]

There are at least eight described species in Chrysochus. Six are found in the Palearctic realm,[4] and only two are found in North America.

• Chrysochus asclepiadeus (Pallas, 1773) – widespread across Europe, also found in Kazakhstan and Turkey
  • Chrysochus asclepiadeus asiaeminoris De Monte, 1948 (Considered a synonym by Ekiz et al. (2015)[5])
• Chrysochus auratus (Fabricius, 1775) – Dogbane beetle; found in eastern North America
• Chrysochus brevefasciatus Pic, 1934[6] – found in Shanghai, China
• Chrysochus chinensis Baly, 1859[7] – found in Central, North and Northeast China, Japan, Mongolia and the Russian Far East
• Chrysochus cobaltinus LeConte, 1857 – Blue milkweed beetle; found in the western United States and British Columbia
• Chrysochus globicollis Lefèvre, 1888 – found in Northeast China, the Russian Far East and North Korea
• Chrysochus goniostoma Weise, 1889 – found in North and Northeast China, Mongolia, and the Russian Far East
• Chrysochus sikhima Jacoby, 1908[8] – found in Sikkim, India

Another species, Chrysochus mniszechi, was described in 1877 by Édouard Lefèvre, from three specimens he had seen (one in the collection of the Count Mniszech, and two from Henry Deyrolle's). While he did not know where the specimens were collected from, Lefèvre thought that they probably came from North America.[9]

The following species, all from the Oriental realm, were formerly included in Chrysochus. They were transferred to the genera Parheminodes and Platycorynus in 2021:[10]

• Chrysochus conspectus Lefèvre, 1890: moved to Parheminodes
• Chrysochus hageni Jacoby, 1884:[11] moved to Parheminodes
• Chrysochus languei Lefèvre, 1893: moved to Platycorynus
• Chrysochus massiei Lefèvre, 1893: moved to Parheminodes
• Chrysochus mouhoti Baly, 1864: moved to Parheminodes
• Chrysochus nilgiriensis Jacoby, 1908:[8] moved to Parheminodes
• Chrysochus pulcher Baly, 1864:[12] moved to Parheminodes

All species of Chryochus feed on plants in the Apocynaceae (dogbane) and Asclepiadaceae (milkweed) families. A small mutation has allowed the two North American species, C. auratus and C. cobaltinus, in particular to feed on the plant species containing cardenolides, while all other species of the genus feed on plant species without cardenolides.[13]

C. auratus and C. cobaltinus have been generally considered allopatric in distribution in North America. However, two narrow regions of sympatry between the two species have been documented in western North America, one of which is located in South-central Washington.[14]

• Dolgovskaya, M.Y.; Volkovitsh, M.G.; Reznik, S.Y.; et al. (2016). "Host specificity of Asian Chrysochus Chevr. in Dej. (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae) and their potential use for biological control of invasive Vincetoxicum species". Entomological Review. 96 (7): 826–830. doi:10.1134/S0013873816070022. S2CID 41525270.