Cnemaspis
Cnemaspis is a genus of diurnal (day) geckos found in Africa and Asia. With over 100 species, it is one of the most diverse genera of geckos. Molecular phylogenies suggest that the three regional groupings may form distinct clades which are not each other's closest relatives.[2]
| Cnemaspis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Unidentified Cnemaspis gecko from the Western Ghats. Note the round pupil. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Family: | Gekkonidae |
| Subfamily: | Gekkoninae |
| Genus: | Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887[1] |
Description
Species in this genus have slender, clawed digits which are cylindrical or depressed at the base (rarely dilated); the distal phalanges are compressed, forming an angle with the basal portion of the digits, the lower surface of which has a row of plates. Their bodies are more or less depressed, granular or tubercular above. Tail not compressed. Pupil circular; eyelid distinct all round the eye. Males with or without pre-anal or femoral pores.[3]
Species
The Africa group
- C. africana (Werner, 1895) – African gecko
- C. alantika Bauer, Chirio, Ineich, & LeBreton, 2006
- C. barbouri Perret, 1986 - Barbour's gecko
- C. dickersonae (Schmidt, 1919) – Dickerson's forest gecko, four-lined forest gecko
- C. dilepis Perret, 1963 – two-scaled gecko
- C. elgonensis Loveridge, 1936 – Mount Elgon forest gecko
- C. gigas Perret, 1986 – Perret's Nigeria gecko, giant forest gecko
- C. koehleri (Mertens, 1937) – Koehler's gecko
- C. occidentalis Angel, 1943 – western gecko
- C. petrodroma Perret, 1986 – Nigeria crag gecko, Ondo forest gecko
- C. quattuorseriata (Sternfeld, 1912) – Sternfeld's gecko
- C. spinicollis (Müller, 1907)
- C. uzungwae Perret, 1986 – Tanzania gecko
The Indian Subcontinent and Sri Lanka group
Cnemaspis gecko from the Western Ghats
Another unidentified Cnemaspis gecko from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala
- C. aaronbaueri Sayyed, Grismer, Campbell, & Dileepkumar, 2019
- C. adii Srinivasulu, Kumar, & Srinivasulu, 2015 – Adi's day gecko
- C. agarwali Khandekar, 2019 – Agarwal's dwarf gecko
- C. ajijae Sayyed, Pyron, & DiLeepkumar, 2018 – Ajija's day gecko
- C. alwisi M. Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007[4] – Alwis's day gecko
- C. amba Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2019 – Amba dwarf gecko
- C. amboliensis Sayyed, Pyron, & DiLeepkumar, 2018 – Amboli day gecko
- C. amith Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – Amith's day gecko
- C. anamudiensis Cyria, Johny, Umesh, & Palot, 2018
- C. anandani Murthy, Nitesh, Sengupta, & Deepak, 2019 – Anandan’s day gecko
- C. andersonii (Annandale, 1905)
- C. anslemi Karunarathna & Ukuwela, 2019
- C. assamensis Das & Sengupta, 2000 – Assam day gecko
- C. australis Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – southern day gecko
- C. avasabinae Agarwal, Bauer, & Khandekar, 2020 – Sabin’s Nellore dwarf gecko[5]
- C. bangara Agarwal, Thackeray, Pal, & Khandekar, 2020 – golden banded dwarf gecko
- C. beddomei (Theobald, 1876) – Beddome's day gecko
- C. boiei (JE Gray, 1876) – Boie's day gecko
- C. butewai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Butewe's day gecko
- C. chengodumalaensis Cyriac, Palot, Deuti, & Umesh, 2020
- C. dissanayakai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Dissanayaka's day gecko
- C. flaviventralis Sayyed, Pyron, & Dahanukar, 2016 – yellow-bellied day gecko
- C. gemunu De Silva, Greenbaum, & Jackman, 2007
- C. girii Mirza, Pal, Bhosale, & Sanap, 2014 – Giri's day gecko
- C. goaensis Sharma, 1976 – Goan day gecko
- C. godagedarai Silva, Bauer, Botejue, & Karunarathna, 2019 – Godagedara's day gecko
- C. gotaimbarai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Gotaimbara's day gecko
- C. gracilis (Beddome, 1870) – graceful day gecko
- C. graniticola Agarwal, Thackeray, Pal, & Khandekar, 2020 – granite dwarf gecko
- C. heteropholis Bauer, 2002 – Gund day gecko, different-scaled day gecko
- C. hitihamii (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Hitihami's day gecko
- C. indica Gray, 1846 – Indian day gecko, Nilgiri dwarf gecko
- C. ingerorum Batuwita, Agarwal, & Bauer, 2019
- C. jerdonii (Theobald, 1868) – Jerdon's day gecko
- C. kallima Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007
- C. kandambyi Batuwita & Udugampala, 2017
- C. kandiana (Kelaart, 1852), Kandyan day gecko[6]
- C. kawminiae (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Kawmini's day gecko
- C. kivulegedarai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Kivulegedara's day gecko
- C. kohukumburai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Kohukumbura's day gecko
- C. kolhapurensis (Giri, Bauer, & Gaikwad, 2009) [7] – Kolhapur day gecko
- C. kotagamai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Kotagama's day gecko
- C. kottiyoorensis Cyriac and Umesh, 2014 – Kottiyoor day gecko
- C. koynaensis Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2019 – Koyna dwarf gecko
- C. kumarasinghei Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007 – Kumarasinghe's day gecko
- C. latha Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – Latha's day gecko
- C. limayei Sayyed, Pyron, & Dileepkumar, 2018 – Limaye's day gecko
- C. littoralis (Jerdon, 1854) – coastal day gecko
- C. maculicollis Cyria, Johny, Umesh, & Palot, 2018
- C. magnifica Khandekar, Thackeray, Pal, & Agarwal, 2020 – Magnificent dwarf gecko
- C. mahabali Sayyed, Pyron, & Dileepkumar, 2018 – Mahabal's day gecko
- C. manoae Amarasinghe & Karunarathna, 2020 – Mano's day gecko
- C. menikay Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007
- C. molligodai Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007 – Molligoda's day gecko
- C. monticola Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007
- C. mysoriensis (Jerdon, 1853) – Mysore day gecko
- C. nairi Inger, Marx, & Koshy, 1984 – Ponmudi day gecko
- C. nandimithrai (Karunarathna et. al., 2019) – Nandimithra's day gecko
- C. nicobaricus Chandramouli, 2020
- C. nilagirica Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – Nilgiri day gecko
- C. nilgala (Karunarathna, Bauer, de Silva, Surasinghe, Somaratna, Madawala, Gabadage, Botejue, Henkanaththegedara, & Ukuwela, 2019 – Nilgala day gecko
- C. ornata (Beddome, 1870) – ornate day gecko
- C. otai Das & Bauer, 2000 – Ota's day gecko, Vellore day gecko
- C. palakkadensis Sayyed, Cyriac, & Dileepkumar, 2020 – Palakkad dwarf gecko
- C. pava Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007
- C. phillipsi Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – Phillip's day gecko
- C. podihuna Deraniyagala, 1944 – Deraniyagala's gecko
- C. pulchra Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007
- C. punctata Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007
- C. rajakarunai Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, & Rathnayaka, 2016
- C. rammalensis Vidanapathirana, Gehan-rajeev, Wickramasinghe, & Mendis-Wickramasinghe, 2014 – Rammale day gecko
- C. ranganaensis Sayyed & Sulakhe, 2020 – Rangana dwarf gecko
- C. retigalensis Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007 – Retigala day gecko
- C. rishivalleyensis Agarwal, Thackeray, & Khandekar, 2020 – Rishi Valley dwarf gecko
- C. samanalensis Wickramasinghe & Munindradasa, 2007 – Samanala day gecko
- C. scalpensis (Ferguson, 1877) – Ferguson's day gecko
- C. shevaroyensis Khandekar, Gaitonde, & Agarwal, 2019 – Shevaroy dwarf gecko
- C. silvula Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – forest day gecko
- C. sisparensis Theobald, 1876 – Sispara day gecko or Theobald's gecko
- C. stellapulvis Khandekar, Thackeray, & Agarwal, 2020 – stardust dwarf gecko
- C. tanintharyi Lee, Miller, Zug, & Mulcahy, 2019 – Tanintharyi rock gecko
- C. thackerayi Khandekar, Gaitonde, & Agarwal, 2019 – Thackeray's dwarf gecko
- C. thayawthadangyi Lee, Miller, Zug, & Mulcahy, 2019 – Thayawthadangyi Islands rock gecko
- C. tropidogaster Boulenger, 1885 – rough-bellied day gecko or marked-belly gecko
- C. upendrai Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuwita, & Pethiyagoda, 2007 – Upendra's day gecko
- C. wicksi (Stoliczka, 1873)
- C. wynadensis (Beddome, 1870) – Wynad day gecko
- C. yelagiriensis Agarwal, Thackeray, Pal, & Khandekar, 2020 – Yelagiri dwarf gecko
- C. yercaudensis Das & Bauer, 2000 – Yercaud day gecko
- C. zacharyi Cyriac, Palot, Deuti, & Umesh, 2020
The Sundaland group
- C. aceh Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarasinghe, 2017
- C. adangrawi Ampai, Rujirawan, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2019 - Adang-Rawi rock gecko
- C. affinis (Stoliczka, 1870) – Stoliczka's gecko, Pinang Island rock gecko
- C. andalas Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarasinghe, 2017
- C. argus Dring, 1979[8] – Dring's gecko, Argus rock gecko, Lawit Mountain rock gecko
- C. aurantiacopes Grismer & Ngo, 2007[9] – Hon Dat rock gecko
- C. baueri Das & Grismer 2003 – Bauer's rock gecko, Pulau Aur rock gecko
- C. bayuensis Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008 – Kampung Bayu rock gecko, Gua Bayu rock gecko, Bayu Cave rock gecko
- C. bidongensis Grismer, Wood, Ahmad, Sumarli, Vazquez, Ismail, Nance, Mohd-amin, Othman, Rizaijessika, Kuss, Murdoc, & Cobos, 2014 – Pulau Bidong rock gecko
- C. biocellata Grismer, Chan, Nurolhuda, & Sumontha 2008,[10] – twin-spot rock gecko
- C. boulengeri Strauch 1887 – Boulenger's rock gecko, Con Dao round eyed gecko
- C. chanardi Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11] - Chan-ard's rock gecko
- C. chanthaburiensis Bauer & Das 1998 – Chanthaburi rock gecko
- C. caudanivea Grismer & Ngo, 2007[12] – Hon Tre Island rock gecko
- C. dezwaani Das 2005[13]
- C. dringi Das & Bauer 1998 – Dring's rock gecko
- C. flavigaster Chan & Grismer 2008 – orange-bellied rock gecko
- C. flavolineata (Nicholls, 1949) – yellow-striped rock gecko
- C. grismeri Wood, Quah, Anuar Ms, & Muin, 2013 - Grismer's rock gecko
- C. hangus Grismer et al., 2014
- C. harimau Chan, Grismer, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Savage, Grismer, Ahmad, Remigio, & Greer, 2010 - tiger rock gecko
- C. huaseesom Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11]
- C. jacobsoni Das 2005[13]
- C. kamolnorranathi Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11] – Kamolnorranath's rock gecko
- C. karsticola Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008 – karst-dwelling rock gecko
- C. kendallii (Gray, 1845) – Kendall's rock gecko
- C. kumpoli Taylor 1963 – Kumpol's rock gecko, Trang Province gecko
- C. laoensis Grismer, 2010 - Lao rock gecko
- C. leucura Kurita, Nishikawa, Matsui, & Hikida, 2017 - curse rock gecko
- C. limi Das & Grismer 2003 – Tioman Island rock gecko
- C. lineatubercularis Ampai, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2020 - Lan Saka rock gecko
- C. lineogularis Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017 - stripe-throated rock gecko
- C. mahsuriae Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Ngadi, & Ahmad, 2015 - Mahsuri's rock gecko
- C. mcguirei Grismer, Grismer, Wood, & Chan 2008 – McGuire's rock gecko
- C. mimang Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017
- C. modiglianii Das 2005[13]
- C. monachorum Grismer, Ahmad, Chan, Belabut, Muin, Wood, & Grismer, 2009 - Monks's rock gecko
- C. mumpuniae Grismer et al., 2014
- C. muria Riyanto, Munir, Martamenggala, Fitriana, & Hamidy, 2019
- C. narathiwatensis Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11] – Narathiwat rock gecko
- C. neangthyi Grismer, Grismer, & Chav, 2010 – Neang Thy's rock gecko
- C. nigridia (Smith, 1925) – Borneo black gecko, black-spotted rock gecko
- C. niyomwanae Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11] – Niyomwan's rock gecko,
- C. nuicamensis Grismer & Ngo, 2007[12] – Nui Cam Hill rock gecko
- C. omari Grismer et al., 2014
- C. pagai Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017
- C. paripari Grismer & Onn, 2009 - fairy rock gecko
- C. pemanggilensis Grismer & Das 2006 – Johor, West Malaysia – Pemanggil Island rock gecko
- C. peninsularis Grismer et al., 2014 – peninsular rock gecko
- C. perhentianensis Grismer & Chan, 2008
- C. phangngaensis Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017 - Phang Nga rock gecko
- C. phuketensis Das & Leon 2004,[14]
- C. pseudomcguirei Grismer, Ahmad, Chan, Belabut, Muin, Wood, & Grismer, 2009 - false McGuire's rock gecko
- C. psychedelica Grismer, Ngo, & Grismer, 2010 – psychedelic rock gecko
- C. punctatonuchalis Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11] – spotted-neck rock gecko
- C. purnamai Riyanto, Hamidy, Sidik, & Gunalen, 2017[15]
- C. rajabasa Amarasinghe, Harvey, Riyanto, & Smith, 2015
- C. roticanai Grismer & Onn, 2010[16] – Roti Canai rock gecko
- C. selamatkanmerapoh Grismer, Wood, Mohamed, Chan, Heinz, Sumarli, Chan & Loredo, 2013 - Merapoh rock gecko
- C. selenolagus Grismer, Yushchenko, Pawangkhanant, Nazarov, Naiduangchan, Suwannapoom & Poyarkov, 2020 - Moon Rabbit Rock Gecko
- C. shahruli Grismer, Chan, Quah, Muin, Savage, Grismer, Ahmad, Greer, & Remegio, 2010 - Shahrul's rock gecko
- C. siamensis (Smith, 1925) – Siamese rock gecko
- C. stongensis Grismer et al., 2014
- C. sundagekko Grismer et al., 2014
- C. sundainsula Grismer et al., 2014
- C. tapanuli Iskandar, McGuire, & Amarsinghe, 2017
- C. tarutaoensis Ampai, Rujirawan, Wood, Stuart, & Aowphol, 2019 - Tarutao rock gecko
- C. temiah Grismer et al., 2014
- C. thachanaensis Wood, Grismer, Aowphol, Aguilar, Cota, Grismer, Murdoch, & Sites, 2017
- C. tubaensis Quah, Wood, Anuar, & Muin, 2020 – Tuba Island rock gecko
- C. tucdupensis Grismer & Ngo, 2007[12] – Tuc Dup Hill rock gecko
- C. timoriensis Duméril & Bibron 1836,[17]
- C. vandeventeri Grismer, Sumontha, Cota, Grismer, Wood, Pauwels, & Kunya, 2010[11] – VanDeventer's rock gecko
- C. whittenorum Das 2005[13]
References
- ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System). www.itis.gov.
- Gamble, T., Greenbaum, E., Jackman, T. R., & Bauer, A. M. (2015). Into the light: diurnality has evolved multiple times in geckos. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 115(4), 896–910. https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12536
- Boulenger, G. A. (1890). Fauna of British India. Reptilia and Batrachia (referring to Gonatodes)
- Wickramasinghe, Mendis & Munindradasa (2007). Review of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae) in Sri Lanka with the description of five new species. Zootaxa 1490: 1-63
- Agarwal, Ishan; Bauer, Aaron M; Khandekar, Akshay (2020-06-24). "A new species of South Asian Cnemaspis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Eastern Ghats, India". Zootaxa. 4802 (3): 449–462. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4802.3.3. ISSN 1175-5334.
- Das, Indraneil (2005). "Revision of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae), from the Mentawai and adjacent archipelagos off western Sumatra, Indonesia, with the description of four new species" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology. 39 (2): 233–247. doi:10.1670/61-02A.
- Giri, Varad B.; Aaron M. Bauer; Kshamata S. Gaikwad (21 July 2009). "A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India" (PDF). Zootaxa. Magnolia Press. 2164: 49–60. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2164.1.5. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
- Dring, J.C.M., 1979. Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus. Bulletin of The British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 34 (5): 181-241
- Grismer, L. L. and Ngo, V. T. (2007). Four new species of the gekkonid genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Reptilia: Squamata) from Southern Vietnam. Herpetologica 63 (4): 482-500.
- Grismer, L.L., Onn, C.K., Nasir, N. and Sumontha, M. (2008). A new species of karst-dwelling gecko (genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887) from the border region of Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa, 1875: 51-68.
- Grismer, L.L., Sumontha, M., Cota, M., Grismer, J.L., Wood Jr., P.L., Pauwels, O.S.G. & Kunya, K. 2010. A revision and redescription of the rock gecko Cnemaspis siamensis (Taylor 1925)(Squamata:Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Thailand with a description of seven new species. Zootaxa 2576: 1-55
- Grismer, L. L. and Ngo, V. T. (2007). Four new species of the gekkonid genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Reptilia: Squamata) from Southern Vietnam. Herpetologica 63 (4): 482-500.
- Das, I. (2005) Revision of the Genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Sauria: Gekkonidae), from the Mentawai and Adjacent Archipelagos off Western Sumatra, Indonesia, with the Description of Four New Species. Journal of Herpetology 39(2):233–247
- Das and Leon (2004). A new species of Cnemaspis (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Southern Thailand. Current Herpetology. 23 (2):63-71.
- Riyanto, Awal; Hamidy, Amir; Sidik, Irvan; Gunalen, Danny (30 Nov 2017). "A new species of Rock Gecko of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Belitung Island, Indonesia". Zootaxa. 4358 (3): 583–597. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4358.3.12. PMID 29245465.
- Grismer, L. L. and Onn, C. K. (2010). Another new Rock Gecko (genus Cnemaspis Strauch 1887) from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 2419: 51-62.
- Duméril and Bibron (1836). Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol.3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp.
Data related to Cnemaspis at Wikispecies
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