Connecticut's at-large congressional district

During the first twenty-four Congresses (March 4, 1789 until March 3, 1837) Connecticut elected all its Representatives in Congress from a single multi-member Connecticut at-large congressional district.

Connecticut elected a varying number of representatives during this period. From its inception in 1789 through the first reapportionment in 1793, there were five seats. From 1793 through 1823, there were seven seats. In 1823 the seats were reduced to six and in 1837 the system of at-large members was replaced with districts.

From 1903 to 1913 and from 1933 to 1965, Connecticut had a member of the United States House of Representatives who represented the state at-large, in addition to the members who represented distinct districts.

This practice was prohibited by the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

List of representatives

1789–1837: five, then seven, then six seats

All members were elected statewide at-large on a general ticket.

Congress and years
Seat A Seat B Seat C Seat D Seat E Seat F Seat G
Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history Rep. Party Electoral history
1st March 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1791
Benjamin Huntington		 Pro-Admin Elected in 1788.
Lost re-election.
Roger Sherman		 Pro-Admin Elected in 1788.
Re-elected in 1790,[1] but instead resigned to become U.S. Senator.		 Jonathan Sturges Pro-Admin Elected in 1788.
Re-elected in 1790.
Re-elected in 1792 but declined to serve.
Jonathan Trumbull Jr.		 Pro-Admin Elected in 1788.
Re-elected in 1790.
Re-elected in 1792.
Re-elected in 1794 but declined to serve when instead elected U.S. Senator.		 Jeremiah Wadsworth Pro-Admin Elected in 1788.
Initially lost re-election but was re-elected in 1790 to finish the term of Pierpont Edwards (Pro-Administration), who had declined to serve.
Re-elected again in 1790.
Re-elected in 1792.
Retired.		 Seat created in 1793. Seat created in 1793.
2nd March 4, 1791 –
March 3, 1793
James Hillhouse		 Pro-Admin Elected in 1790.
Re-elected in 1792.
Re-elected in 1794.
Resigned when elected U.S. Senator.		 Amasa Learned Pro-Admin Elected to finish Sherman's term.
Re-elected in 1792.
Retired.
3rd March 4, 1793 –
March 3, 1795		 Joshua Coit Pro-Admin Elected in 1792.
Re-elected in 1794.
Re-elected in 1796.
Died.		 Zephaniah Swift Pro-Admin Elected in 1792.
Re-elected in 1794.
Re-elected in 1796 but declined to serve.
Uriah Tracy		 Pro-Admin Elected in 1792.
Re-elected in 1794.
Resigned when elected U.S. Senator.
4th March 4, 1795 –
April 13, 1795		 Federalist
Chauncey Goodrich		 Federalist Elected in 1794.
Re-elected in 1796.
Re-elected in 1798.
Lost re-election.		 Federalist Vacant Nathaniel Smith Federalist Elected in 1794.
Elected in 1796.
Lost re-election.		 Federalist Federalist
April 13, 1795 –
October 13, 1796		 Roger Griswold Federalist Elected to finish Trumbull's term.
Re-elected in 1796.
Re-elected in 1798.
Re-elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1802.
Re-elected in 1804 but resigned.
October 13, 1796 –
December 5, 1796		 Vacant
December 5, 1796 –
January 3, 1797		 James Davenport Federalist Elected to finish Hillhouse's term, having already been elected to the next term, see below.
Elected in 1796.
Died.
January 3, 1797 –
March 3, 1797
Samuel W. Dana		 Federalist Elected to finish Tracy's term.
Re-elected in 1796.
Re-elected in 1798.
Re-elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1802.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Resigned to become U.S. Senator.
5th March 4, 1797 –
August 3, 1797		 John Allen Federalist Elected to finish Swift's term.
Retired.
August 3, 1797 –
November 13, 1797		 Vacant
November 13, 1797 –
September 5, 1798		 William Edmond Federalist Elected to finish Davenport's term.
Re-elected in 1798.
Retired.
September 5, 1798 –
December 3, 1798		 Vacant
December 3, 1798 –
March 3, 1799		 Jonathan Brace Federalist Elected in 1798.
Later elected to finish Coit's term.
Resigned.
6th March 4, 1799 –
?		 Elizur Goodrich Federalist Elected in 1798.
Re-elected in 1800 but declined to serve.
John Davenport		 Elected in 1798.
Re-elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1802.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Retired.
? 1800 –
November 17, 1800		 Vacant
November 17, 1800 –
March 3, 1801
John Cotton Smith		 Federalist Elected to finish Brace's term.
Elected in 1800 to the next term.
Re-elected in 1802.
Re-elected in 1804.
Resigned.
7th March 4, 1801 –
May 14, 1801		 Vacant Elias Perkins Federalist Elected in 1800.
Re-elected in 1802 but declined to serve.		 Vacant
May 14, 1801 –
September 21, 1801		 Calvin Goddard Federalist Elected to finish Goodrich's term.
Re-elected in 1802.
Re-elected in 1804 but resigned.
September 21, 1801 –
March 3, 1803
Benjamin Tallmadge		 Federalist Elected to finish Edmond's term.
Re-elected in 1802.
Re-elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Retired.
8th March 4, 1803 –
March 3, 1805
Simeon Baldwin		 Federalist Elected to finish Perkins's term.
Retired.
9th March 4, 1805 –
?before September 16, 1805		 Jonathan O. Moseley Federalist Elected in 1804.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Re-elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818 as a Democratic-Republican.
Retired.
?before September 16, 1805 –
September 16, 1805		 Vacant Vacant
September 16, 1805 –
August 1806
Timothy Pitkin		 Federalist Elected to finish Griswold's term.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Re-elected in 1816.
Retired.		 Lewis B. Sturges Federalist Elected to finish Goddard's term.
Re-elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Lost re-election.
August 1806 –
December 1, 1806		 Vacant
December 1, 1806 –
March 3, 1807		 Theodore Dwight Federalist Elected to finish Smith's term.
Retired.
10th March 4, 1807 –
March 3, 1809
Epaphroditus Champion		 Federalist Elected in 1806.
Re-elected in 1808.
Re-elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Lost re-election.
11th March 4, 1809 –
May 10, 1810
May 10, 1810 –
October 11, 1810		 Vacant
October 11, 1810 –
March 3, 1811		 Ebenezer Huntington Federalist Elected September 17, 1810 to finish Dana's term (seated October 11, 1810).
Not also elected to the next term.
12th March 4, 1811 –
March 3, 1813		 Lyman Law Federalist Elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Lost re-election.
13th March 4, 1813 –
March 3, 1815
14th March 4, 1815 –
March 3, 1817
15th March 4, 1817 –
? 1818		 Thomas Scott Williams Federalist Elected in 1816.
Retired.		 Uriel Holmes Federalist Elected in 1816.
Resigned.		 Samuel B. Sherwood Federalist Elected in 1816.
Retired.		 Nathaniel Terry Federalist Elected to finish the term of member-elect Charles Dennison, who had declined the seat.
Retired.		 Ebenezer Huntington Federalist Elected to finish the term of member-elect Sylvanus Backus, who had died.
Retired.
? 1818 –
November 16, 1818		 Vacant
November 16, 1818 –
March 3, 1819		 Sylvester Gilbert Democratic-Republican Elected to finish Holmes's term.
Was not elected to the next term.
16th March 4, 1819 –
March 3, 1821		 Gideon Tomlinson Democratic-Republican Elected in 1818.
Re-elected in 1821.
Re-elected in 1823.
Re-elected in 1825.
Retired.		 Democratic-Republican
Samuel A. Foot		 Democratic-Republican Elected in 1818.
Lost re-election.		 John Russ Democratic-Republican Elected in 1818.
Re-elected in 1821.
Lost re-election.		 James Stevens Democratic-Republican Elected in 1818.
Retired.
Elisha Phelps		 Democratic-Republican Elected in 1818.
Lost re-election.
Henry W. Edwards		 Democratic-Republican Elected in 1818.
Re-elected in 1821.
Lost re-election.
17th March 4, 1821 –
March 3, 1823		 Ansel Sterling Democratic-Republican Elected in 1821.
Re-elected in 1823.
Retired.		 Daniel Burrows Democratic-Republican Elected in 1821.
Lost re-election.		 Noyes Barber Democratic-Republican Elected in 1821.
Re-elected in 1823.
Re-elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Re-elected in 1829.
Re-elected in 1831.
Re-elected in 1833.
Lost re-election.		 Ebenezer Stoddard Democratic-Republican Elected in 1821.
Re-elected in 1823.
Retired.
18th March 4, 1823 –
March 3, 1825
Samuel A. Foot		 Democratic-Republican Elected in 1823.
Lost re-election.		 Lemuel Whitman Democratic-Republican Elected in 1823.
Retired.		 Seat eliminated in 1823.
19th March 4, 1825 –
March 3, 1827		 Anti-Jacksonian John Baldwin Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Retired.		 Ralph I. Ingersoll Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Re-elected in 1829.
Re-elected in 1831.
Retired.		 Orange Merwin Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Lost re-election.		 Anti-Jacksonian
Elisha Phelps		 Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Lost re-election.
20th March 4, 1827 –
March 3, 1829		 David Plant Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1827.
Retired.
21st March 4, 1829 –
March 3, 1831
William W. Ellsworth		 Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1829.
Re-elected in 1831.
Re-elected in 1833.
Resigned.
Jabez W. Huntington		 Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1829.
Re-elected in 1831.
Re-elected in 1833.
Resigned to become judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors.		 Ebenezer Young Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1829.
Re-elected in 1831.
Re-elected in 1833.
Lost re-election.		 William L. Storrs Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1829.
Re-elected in 1831.
[data unknown/missing]
22nd March 4, 1831 –
March 3, 1833
23rd March 4, 1833 –
May 9, 1834
Samuel A. Foot		 Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1833.
Resigned to become Governor of Connecticut.		 Samuel Tweedy Anti-Jacksonian Elected in 1833.
Lost re-election.
May 9, 1834 –
July 8, 1834		 Vacant
July 8, 1834 –
August 16, 1834		 Vacant
August 16, 1834 –
December 1, 1834		 Vacant
December 1, 1834 –
March 3, 1835
Joseph Trumbull		 Anti-Jacksonian Elected to finish Ellsworth's term.
Lost re-election.		 Phineas Miner Anti-Jacksonian Elected to finish Huntington's term.
Retired.		 Ebenezer Jackson Jr. Anti-Jacksonian Elected to finish Huntington's term.
Lost re-election.
24th March 4, 1835 –
December 10, 1835
Isaac Toucey		 Jacksonian Elected in 1835.
Redistricted to the 1st district.		 Samuel Ingham Jacksonian Elected in 1835.
Redistricted to the 2nd district.
Elisha Haley		 Jacksonian Elected in 1835.
Redistricted to the 3rd district.		 Zalmon Wildman Jacksonian Elected in 1835.
Died.		 Lancelot Phelps Jacksonian Elected in 1835.
Redistricted to the 5th district.		 Andrew T. Judson Jacksonian Elected in 1835.
Resigned to become U.S. District Judge.
December 10, 1835 –
April 29, 1836		 Vacant
April 29, 1836 –
July 4, 1836		 Thomas T. Whittlesey Jacksonian Elected to finish Wildman's term.
Redistricted to the 4th district.
July 4, 1836 –
December 5, 1836		 Vacant
December 5, 1836 –
March 3, 1837		 Orrin Holt Jacksonian Elected to finish Judson's term.
Redistricted to the 6th district.

In 1837, Connecticut abandoned general tickets and adopted districts instead.

1903–1913: one seat

In 1903, one at-large seat was created, four district seats continued.

Member Party Years Cong
ress(es)		 Electoral history

George L. Lilley		 Republican March 4, 1903 –
January 5, 1909		 58th
59th
60th		 Elected in 1902.
Re-elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Resigned when elected Governor of Connecticut.
Vacant January 5, 1909 –
March 3, 1909

John Q. Tilson		 Republican March 4, 1909 –
March 3, 1913		 61st
62nd		 Elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Redistricted to the 3rd district and lost re-election.
At-large seat eliminated

1933–1965: one seat

In 1933, one at-large seat was created, five district seats continued.

Representative Party Years Cong
ress(es) 		Electoral history
Charles Montague Bakewell Republican March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1935 		73rd Elected in 1932.
Lost re-election.

William M. Citron 		Democratic January 3, 1935 –
January 3, 1939 		74th
75th 		Elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Lost re-election.

B. J. Monkiewicz 		Republican January 3, 1939 –
January 3, 1941 		76th Elected in 1938.
Lost re-election.
Lucien J. Maciora Democratic January 3, 1941 –
January 3, 1943 		77th Elected in 1940.
Lost re-election.

B. J. Monkiewicz 		Republican January 3, 1943 –
January 3, 1945 		78th Elected in 1942.
Lost re-election.

Joseph F. Ryter 		Democratic January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1947 		79th Elected in 1944.
Lost re-election.

Antoni Sadlak 		Republican January 3, 1947 –
January 3, 1959 		80th
81st
82nd
83rd
84th
85th 		Elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Re-elected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Lost re-election.

Frank Kowalski 		Democratic January 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1963 		86th
87th 		Elected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.

Bernard F. Grabowski 		Democratic January 3, 1963 –
January 3, 1965 		88th Elected in 1962.
Redistricted to the 6th district.
At-large district eliminated

References
  • "Our Campaigns - United States - Connecticut - CT At-Large". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
  1. "Connecticut 1790 U.S. House of Representatives". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 4, 2018., citing The Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). October 22, 1790.
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