85th United States Congress

85th United States Congress
	84th ← → 86th
	United States Capitol (1956)
January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959
Members	96 senators; 435 representatives
Senate Majority	Democratic
Senate President	Richard Nixon (R)
House Majority	Democratic
House Speaker	Sam Rayburn (D)
Sessions
	1st: January 3, 1957 – August 30, 1957; 2nd: January 7, 1958 – August 24, 1958

The 85th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1957, to January 3, 1959, during the fifth and sixth years of Dwight Eisenhower's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950. Both chambers had a Democratic majority. To date, this is the earliest Congress with a member still living.

Major events

January 5, 1957: President Eisenhower announced the Eisenhower Doctrine in a special message to Congress
January 20, 1957: Inauguration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower for a second term
August 21, 1957: President Eisenhower announced a 2-year suspension of nuclear testing
August 28, 1957: Senator Strom Thurmond set a record for the longest filibuster with his 24-hour, 18-minute speech against the Civil Rights Act of 1957
September 24, 1957: Little Rock Crisis: President Eisenhower sent federal troops to Arkansas to provide safe passage into Central High School for the Little Rock Nine.
October 4, 1957: The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth
October 21, 1957: The U.S. military sustained its first combat fatality in Vietnam
November 7, 1957: Gaither Report called for more American missiles and fallout shelters
November 25, 1957: President Eisenhower had a stroke
January 31, 1958: U.S. launched its first satellite, Explorer 1
July 15, 1958: U.S intervenes in the Lebanon Crisis, the first major application of the Eisenhower Doctorine.
October 1, 1958: NASA started operations

Major legislation

August 14, 1957: Airways Modernization Act, Pub.L. 85–133, 71 Stat. 349
September 2, 1957: Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act, Pub.L. 85–256, 71 Stat. 576
September 9, 1957: Civil Rights Act of 1957, Pub.L. 85–315, 71 Stat. 634
July 29, 1958: National Aeronautics and Space Act, Pub.L. 85–568, 72 Stat. 426
1958: Transportation Act of 1958, Pub.L. 85–625
August 23, 1958: Federal Aviation Act of 1958, Pub.L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731
August 28, 1958: EURATOM Cooperation Act of 1958, Pub.L. 85–846, 72 Stat. 1084
August 28, 1958: Military Construction Appropriation Act (Advanced Research Projects Agency), Pub.L. 85–852, 72 Stat. 1096
September 2, 1958: National Defense Education Act, Pub.L. 85–864, 72 Stat. 1580
1958: Department of Defense Reorganization Act, Pub.L. 85–899
1958: Pasatore-Walter Immigration Act

States admitted

January 3, 1959: Alaska was admitted as the 49th state.

Party summary

Senate

	Party (shading shows control)		Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	47	49	96	0

Begin	49	47	96	0
End	50	45	95	1
Final voting share	52.6%	47.4%

Beginning of next congress	64	34	98	0

House of Representatives

	Party (shading shows control)		Total	Vacant

	Democratic (D)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	228	200	428	7

Begin	233	200	433	2
End	232	193	425	10
Final voting share	54.6%	45.4%

Beginning of next congress	282	153	435	0

Leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. Senators in each state are listed by class. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1958; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1960; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1962.

Alabama

3. J. Lister Hill (D)
2. John Sparkman (D)

Arizona

3. Carl Hayden (D)
1. Barry Goldwater (R)

Arkansas

2. John L. McClellan (D)
3. J. William Fulbright (D)

California

1. William Knowland (R), until January 2, 1959
3. Thomas Kuchel (R)

Colorado

2. Gordon Allott (R)
3. John A. Carroll (D)

Connecticut

1. William A. Purtell (R)
3. Prescott Bush (R)

Delaware

1. John J. Williams (R)
2. J. Allen Frear Jr. (D)

Florida

1. Spessard Holland (D)
3. George Smathers (D)

Georgia

2. Richard Russell Jr. (D)
3. Herman Talmadge (D)

Idaho

2. Henry Dworshak (R)
3. Frank Church (D)

Illinois

2. Paul Douglas (D)
3. Everett Dirksen (R)

Indiana

1. William E. Jenner (R)
3. Homer E. Capehart (R)

Iowa

2. Thomas E. Martin (R)
3. Bourke B. Hickenlooper (R)

Kansas

2. Andrew Frank Schoeppel (R)
3. Frank Carlson (R)

Kentucky

2. John Sherman Cooper (R)
3. Thruston Ballard Morton (R)

Louisiana

2. Allen J. Ellender (D)
3. Russell B. Long (D)

Maine

1. Frederick G. Payne (R)
2. Margaret Chase Smith (R)

Maryland

1. James Glenn Beall (R)
3. John Marshall Butler (R)

Massachusetts

1. John F. Kennedy (D)
2. Leverett Saltonstall (R)

Michigan

1. Charles E. Potter (R)
2. Patrick V. McNamara (D)

Minnesota

1. Edward John Thye (R)
2. Hubert Humphrey (DFL)

Mississippi

1. John C. Stennis (D)
2. James Eastland (D)

Missouri

1. Stuart Symington (D)
3. Thomas C. Hennings Jr. (D)

Montana

1. Mike Mansfield (D)
2. James E. Murray (D)

Nebraska

1. Roman Hruska (R)
2. Carl Curtis (R)

Nevada

1. George W. Malone (R)
3. Alan Bible (D)

New Hampshire

2. Styles Bridges (R)
3. Norris Cotton (R)

New Jersey

1. Howard Alexander Smith (R)
2. Clifford P. Case (R)

New Mexico

1. Dennis Chávez (D)
2. Clinton Anderson (D)

New York

1. Irving Ives (R)
3. Jacob Javits (R), from January 9, 1957

North Carolina

2. W. Kerr Scott (D), until April 16, 1958
- B. Everett Jordan (D), from April 19, 1958
3. Sam Ervin (D)

North Dakota

1. William Langer (R)
3. Milton Young (R)

Ohio

1. John W. Bricker (R)
3. Frank Lausche (D)

Oklahoma

2. Robert S. Kerr (D)
3. Mike Monroney (D)

Oregon

2. Richard L. Neuberger (D)
3. Wayne Morse (D)

Pennsylvania

1. Edward Martin (R)
3. Joseph S. Clark Jr. (D)

Rhode Island

1. John Pastore (D)
2. Theodore F. Green (D)

South Carolina

2. Strom Thurmond (D)
3. Olin D. Johnston (D)

South Dakota

2. Karl E. Mundt (R)
3. Francis H. Case (R)

Tennessee

1. Albert Gore Sr. (D)
2. Estes Kefauver (D)

Texas

1. Price Daniel (D), until January 14, 1957
- William A. Blakley (D), January 15, 1957 – April 28, 1957
- Ralph Yarborough (D), from April 29, 1957
2. Lyndon B. Johnson (D)

Utah

1. Arthur Vivian Watkins (R)
3. Wallace F. Bennett (R)

Vermont

1. Ralph Flanders (R)
3. George Aiken (R)

Virginia

1. Harry F. Byrd (D)
2. Absalom Willis Robertson (D)

Washington

1. Henry M. Jackson (D)
3. Warren Magnuson (D)

West Virginia

1. Chapman Revercomb (R)
2. Matthew M. Neely (D), until January 18, 1958
- John D. Hoblitzell Jr. (R), January 25, 1958 – November 4, 1958
- Jennings Randolph (D), from November 4, 1958

Wisconsin

1. Joseph McCarthy (R), until May 2, 1957
- William Proxmire (D), from August 28, 1957
3. Alexander Wiley (R)

Wyoming

1. Frank A. Barrett (R)
2. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D)

House of Representatives

Alabama

Arizona

1. John Jacob Rhodes (R)
2. Stewart Udall (D)

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

At-large. Harry G. Haskell Jr. (R)

Florida

Georgia

1. Prince Hulon Preston Jr. (D)
2. J. L. Pilcher (D)
3. Tic Forrester (D)
4. John Flynt (D)
5. James C. Davis (D)
6. Carl Vinson (D)
7. Henderson Lovelace Lanham (D), until November 10, 1957
* Harlan Erwin Mitchell (D), from January 8, 1958
8. Iris Faircloth Blitch (D)
9. Phillip M. Landrum (D)
10. Paul Brown (D)

Idaho

1. Gracie Pfost (D)
2. Hamer H. Budge (R)

Illinois

1. William L. Dawson (D)
2. Barratt O'Hara (D)
3. Emmet Byrne (R)
4. William E. McVey (R), until August 10, 1958
5. John C. Kluczynski (D)
6. Thomas J. O'Brien (D)
7. James Bowler (D), until July 18, 1957
* Roland V. Libonati (D), from December 31, 1957
8. Thomas S. Gordon (D)
9. Sidney R. Yates (D)
10. Harold R. Collier (R)
11. Timothy P. Sheehan (R)
12. Charles A. Boyle (D)
13. Marguerite S. Church (R)
14. Russell W. Keeney (R), until January 11, 1958
15. Noah M. Mason (R)
16. Leo E. Allen (R)
17. Leslie C. Arends (R)
18. Robert H. Michel (R)
19. Robert B. Chiperfield (R)
20. Sid Simpson (R), until October 26, 1958
21. Peter F. Mack Jr. (D)
22. William L. Springer (R)
23. Charles W. Vursell (R)
24. Melvin Price (D)
25. Kenneth J. Gray (D)

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

1. F. Edward Hébert (D)
2. Hale Boggs (D)
3. Edwin E. Willis (D)
4. Overton Brooks (D)
5. Otto Passman (D)
6. James H. Morrison (D)
7. T. Ashton Thompson (D)
8. George S. Long (D), until March 22, 1958

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

1. John W. Heselton (R)
2. Edward Boland (D)
3. Philip J. Philbin (D)
4. Harold Donohue (D)
5. Edith Nourse Rogers (R)
6. William H. Bates (R)
7. Thomas J. Lane (D)
8. Torbert Macdonald (D)
9. Donald W. Nicholson (R)
10. Laurence Curtis (R)
11. Tip O'Neill (D)
12. John W. McCormack (D)
13. Richard B. Wigglesworth (R), until November 13, 1958
14. Joseph W. Martin Jr. (R)

Michigan

Minnesota

1. August H. Andresen (R), until January 14, 1958
* Al Quie (R), from February 18, 1958
2.Joseph P. O'Hara (R)
3.Roy Wier (DFL)
4.Eugene McCarthy (DFL)
5.Walter Judd (R)
6.Fred Marshall (DFL)
7.Herman Carl Andersen (R)
8.John Blatnik (DFL)
9.Coya Knutson (DFL)

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

1. Lee Metcalf (D)
2. LeRoy H. Anderson (D)

Nebraska

Nevada

At-large. Walter S. Baring Jr. (D)

New Hampshire

1. Chester Earl Merrow (R)
2. Perkins Bass (R)

New Jersey

1. Charles A. Wolverton (R)
2. Milton W. Glenn (R), from November 5, 1957
3. James C. Auchincloss (R)
4. Frank Thompson (D)
5. Peter Frelinghuysen Jr. (R)
6. Florence P. Dwyer (R)
7. William B. Widnall (R)
8. Gordon Canfield (R)
9. Frank C. Osmers Jr. (R)
10. Peter W. Rodino (D)
11. Hugh Joseph Addonizio (D)
12. Robert Kean (R)
13. Alfred Dennis Sieminski (D)
14. Vincent J. Dellay (R) to (D), sometime in 1958

New Mexico

At-large. John J. Dempsey (D), until March 11, 1958
At-large. Joseph Montoya (D), from April 9, 1957

New York

1. Stuyvesant Wainwright (R)
2. Steven Derounian (R)
3. Frank J. Becker (R)
4. Henry J. Latham (R), until December 31, 1958
5. Albert H. Bosch (R)
6. Lester Holtzman (D)
7. James J. Delaney (D)
8. Victor Anfuso (D)
9. Eugene James Keogh (D)
10. Edna F. Kelly (D)
11. Emanuel Celler (D)
12. Francis E. Dorn (R)
13. Abraham J. Multer (D)
14. John J. Rooney (D)
15. John H. Ray (R)
16. Adam Clayton Powell Jr. (D)
17. Frederic René Coudert Jr. (R)
18. Alfred E. Santangelo (D)
19. Leonard Farbstein (D)
20. Ludwig Teller (D)
21. Herbert Zelenko (D)
22. James C. Healey (D)
23. Isidore Dollinger (D)
24. Charles A. Buckley (D)
25. Paul A. Fino (R)
26. Edwin B. Dooley (R)
27. Ralph W. Gwinn (R)
28. Katharine St. George (R)
29. J. Ernest Wharton (R)
30. Leo W. O'Brien (D)
31. Dean P. Taylor (R)
32. Bernard W. Kearney (R)
33. Clarence E. Kilburn (R)
34. William R. Williams (R)
35. R. Walter Riehlman (R)
36. John Taber (R)
37. W. Sterling Cole (R), until December 1, 1957
* Howard W. Robison (R), from January 14, 1958
38. Kenneth Keating (R)
39. Harold C. Ostertag (R)
40. William E. Miller (R)
41. Edmund P. Radwan (R)
42. John R. Pillion (R)
43. Daniel A. Reed (R)

North Carolina

North Dakota

At-large. Otto Krueger (R)
At-large. Usher L. Burdick (Nonpartisan Republican)

Ohio

1. Gordon H. Scherer (R)
2. William E. Hess (R)
3. Paul F. Schenck (R)
4. William Moore McCulloch (R)
5. Cliff Clevenger (R)
6. James G. Polk (D)
7. Clarence J. Brown (R)
8. Jackson Edward Betts (R)
9. Thomas L. Ashley (D)
10. Thomas A. Jenkins (R)
11. David S. Dennison (R)
12. John M. Vorys (R)
13. Albert David Baumhart Jr. (R)
14. William Hanes Ayres (R)
15. John E. Henderson (R)
16. Frank T. Bow (R)
17. J. Harry McGregor (R), until October 7, 1958; vacant thereafter
18. Wayne Hays (D)
19. Michael J. Kirwan (D)
20. Michael A. Feighan (D)
21. Charles Vanik (D)
22. Frances P. Bolton (R)
23. William E. Minshall Jr. (R)

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

1. William A. Barrett (D)
2. Kathryn E. Granahan (D)
3. James A. Byrne (D)
4. Earl Chudoff (D), until January 5, 1958
: Robert N. C. Nix Sr. (D), from May 20, 1958
5. William J. Green Jr. (D)
6. Hugh Scott (R)
7. Benjamin F. James (R)
8. Willard S. Curtin (R)
9. Paul B. Dague (R)
10. Joseph L. Carrigg (R)
11. Dan Flood (D)
12. Ivor D. Fenton (R)
13. Samuel K. McConnell Jr. (R), until September 1, 1957
:John A. Lafore Jr. (R), from November 5, 1957
14. George M. Rhodes (D)
15. Francis E. Walter (D)
16. Walter M. Mumma (R)
17. Alvin Bush (R)
18. Richard M. Simpson (R)
19. S. Walter Stauffer (R)
20. James E. Van Zandt (R)
21. Augustine B. Kelley (D), until November 20, 1957
: John Herman Dent (D), from January 21, 1958
22. John P. Saylor (R)
23. Leon H. Gavin (R)
24. Carroll D. Kearns (R)
25. Frank M. Clark (D)
26. Thomas E. Morgan (D)
27. James G. Fulton (R)
28. Herman P. Eberharter (D), until September 9, 1958
29. Robert J. Corbett (R)
30. Elmer J. Holland (D)

Rhode Island

1. Aime Forand (D)
2. John E. Fogarty (D)

South Carolina

South Dakota

1. George McGovern (D)
2. Ellis Yarnal Berry (R)

Tennessee

1. B. Carroll Reece (R)
2. Howard Baker Sr. (R)
3. James B. Frazier Jr. (D)
4. Joe L. Evins (D)
5. J. Carlton Loser (D)
6. Ross Bass (D)
7. Tom J. Murray (D)
8. Jere Cooper (D), until December 18, 1957
: Fats Everett (D), from February 1, 1958
9. Clifford Davis (D)

Texas

Utah

1. Henry Aldous Dixon (R)
2. William A. Dawson (R)

Vermont

At-large. Winston L. Prouty (R)

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

1. Lawrence H. Smith (R), until January 22, 1958
2. Donald Edgar Tewes (R)
3. Gardner R. Withrow (R)
4. Clement J. Zablocki (D)
5. Henry S. Reuss (D)
6. William Van Pelt (R)
7. Melvin Laird (R)
8. John W. Byrnes (R)
9. Lester Johnson (D)
10. Alvin O'Konski (R)

Wyoming

At-large. Edwin Keith Thomson (R)

Non-voting members

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80+% Democratic	80+% Republican
60+% to 80% Democratic	60+% to 80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

Senate

State (class)	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
New York (3)	Vacant	Retired. Successor elected in 1956, but took seat late to prevent Governor from appointing a rival to be his successor as N.Y. Attorney General	Jacob Javits (R)	January 9, 1957
Texas (1)	Price Daniel (D)	Resigned January 14, 1957, after being elected Governor of Texas. Successor appointed January 15, 1957.	William A. Blakley (D)	January 15, 1957
Texas (1)	William A. Blakley (D)	Interim appointee retired when successor elected. Successor elected April 28, 1957.	Ralph Yarborough (D)	April 29, 1957
Wisconsin (1)	Joseph McCarthy (R)	Died May 2, 1957. Successor elected August 27, 1957.	William Proxmire (D)	August 28, 1957
West Virginia (2)	Matthew M. Neely (D)	Died January 18, 1958. Successor appointed January 25, 1958.	John D. Hoblitzell, Jr. (R)	January 25, 1958
North Carolina (2)	W. Kerr Scott (D)	Died April 16, 1958. Successor appointed April 19, 1958, and then elected November 4, 1958.	B. Everett Jordan (D)	April 19, 1958
West Virginia (2)	John D. Hoblitzell, Jr. (R)	Interim appointee lost special election. Successor elected November 4, 1958.	Jennings Randolph (D)	November 5, 1958
California (1)	William F. Knowland (R)	Resigned early January 2, 1959.	Vacant	Not filled this term

House of Representatives

District	Vacator	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
New Mexico at-large	Vacant	Rep. Antonio M. Fernández died during previous congress.	Joseph Montoya (D)	April 9, 1957
New Jersey 2	Vacant	Rep. T. Millet Hand died during previous congress.	Milton W. Glenn (R)	November 5, 1957
Illinois 7	James Bowler (D)	Died July 18, 1957.	Roland V. Libonati (D)	December 31, 1957
Pennsylvania 13	Samuel K. McConnell, Jr. (R)	Resigned September 1, 1957, after becoming Executive Director of the United Cerebral Palsy Associations	John A. Lafore, Jr. (R)	November 5, 1957
Georgia 7	Henderson L. Lanham (D)	Died November 10, 1957.	Harlan E. Mitchell (D)	January 8, 1958
Pennsylvania 21	Augustine B. Kelley (D)	Died November 20, 1957.	John H. Dent (D)	January 21, 1958
New York 37	W. Sterling Cole (R)	Resigned December 1, 1957, after becoming Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency.	Howard W. Robison (R)	January 14, 1958
Tennessee 8	Jere Cooper (D)	Died December 18, 1957.	Fats Everett (D)	February 1, 1958
Pennsylvania 4	Earl Chudoff (D)	Resigned January 5, 1958, after being elected judge of the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas No. 1.	Robert N.C. Nix, Sr. (D)	May 20, 1958
New Jersey 14	Vincent J. Dellay (R)	Changed political affiliation some time in 1958.	Vincent J. Dellay (D)	????, 1958
Illinois 14	Russell W. Keeney (R)	Died January 11, 1958.	Vacant	Not filled this term.
Minnesota 1	August H. Andresen (R)	Died January 14, 1958.	Al Quie (R)	February 18, 1958
Wisconsin 1	Lawrence H. Smith (R)	Died January 22, 1958.	Not filled this term.
New Mexico at-large	John J. Dempsey (D)	Died March 11, 1958.	Not filled this term.
Louisiana 8	George S. Long (D)	Died March 22, 1958.	Not filled this term.
Illinois 4	William E. McVey (R)	Died August 10, 1958.	Not filled this term.
Pennsylvania 28	Herman P. Eberharter (D)	Died September 9, 1958.	Not filled this term.
Ohio 17	J. Harry McGregor (R)	Died October 7, 1958.	Not filled this term.
Illinois 20	Sid Simpson (R)	Died October 26, 1958.	Not filled this term.
Massachusetts 13	Richard B. Wigglesworth (R)	Resigned November 13, 1958.	Not filled this term.
New York 4	Henry J. Latham (R)	Resigned December 31, 1958, after becoming a judge of the New York Supreme Court.	Not filled this term.

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

Agriculture and Forestry (Chairman: Allen J. Ellender; Ranking Member: George D. Aiken)
Appropriations (Chairman: Carl Hayden; Ranking Member: Styles Bridges)
Armed Services (Chairman: Richard B. Russell; Ranking Member: Leverett Saltonstall)
Banking and Currency (Chairman: J. William Fulbright; Ranking Member: Homer Capehart)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Matthew M. Neely; Ranking Member: J. Glenn Beall)
Finance (Chairman: Harry F. Byrd; Ranking Member: Edward Martin)
Foreign Relations (Chairman: Theodore F. Green; Ranking Member: Alexander Wiley)
Foreign Aid Program (Special) (Chairman: [data unknown/missing]; Ranking Member: [data unknown/missing])
Government Operations (Chairman: John Little McClellan; Ranking Member: Joseph McCarthy then Karl E. Mundt)
Interior and Insular Affairs (Chairman: James E. Murray; Ranking Member: George W. Malone)
Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chairman: Warren G. Magnuson; Ranking Member: John W. Bricker)
Judiciary (Chairman: James O. Eastland; Ranking Member: Alexander Wiley)
Labor and Public Welfare (Chairman: J. Lister Hill; Ranking Member: H. Alexander Smith)
Labor-Management Relations (Select)
Political Activities, Lobbying and Campaign Contributions (Special)
Post Office and Civil Service (Chairman: Olin D. Johnston; Ranking Member: Frank Carlson)
Preserve Historical Records of the Senate (Special)
Public Works (Chairman: Dennis Chavez; Ranking Member: Edward Martin)
Rules and Administration (Chairman: Thomas C. Hennings, Jr.; Ranking Member: Carl T. Curtis)
Senate Reception Room (Special)
Small Business (Select) (Chairman: John J. Sparkman)
Space and Aeronautics (Special)
Subcommittee on Internal Security
Whole

House of Representatives

Agriculture (Chairman: Harold D. Cooley; Ranking Member: August H. Andresen then William S. Hill)
Appropriations (Chairman: Clarence Cannon; Ranking Member: John Taber)
Armed Services (Chairman: Carl Vinson; Ranking Member: Leslie C. Arends)
Banking and Currency (Chairman: Brent Spence; Ranking Member: Henry O. Talle)
Benefits for Dependents of Armed Services Veterans (Select)
Defense Production
District of Columbia (Chairman: John L. McMillan; Ranking Member: Sid Simpson then Joseph P. O'Hara)
Education and Labor (Chairman: Graham A. Barden; Ranking Member: Samuel K. McConnell then Ralph W. Gwinn)
Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Thomas S. Gordon; Ranking Member: Robert B. Chiperfield)
Government Operations (Chairman: William L. Dawson; Ranking Member: Clare E. Hoffman)
House Administration (Chairman: Omar Burleson; Ranking Member: Karl M. LeCompte)
Interior and Insular Affairs (Chairman: Clair Engle; Ranking Member: A.L. Miller)
Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chairman: Oren Harris; Ranking Member: Charles A. Wolverton)
Judiciary (Chairman: Emanuel Celler; Ranking Member: Kenneth B. Keating)
Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chairman: Oren Harris; Ranking Member: Thor C. Tollefson)
Post Office and Civil Service (Chairman: Tom J. Murray; Ranking Member: Edward H. Rees)
Public Works (Chairman: Charles A. Buckley; Ranking Member: J. Harry McGregor then James C. Auchincloss)
Rules (Chairman: Howard W. Smith; Ranking Member: Leo E. Allen)
Small Business (Select) (Chairman: Wright Patman)
Un-American Activities (Chairman: Francis E. Walter; Ranking Member: Bernard W. Kearney)
Veterans' Affairs (Chairman: Olin D. Johnston; Ranking Member: Edith Nourse Rogers)
Ways and Means (Chairman: Jere Cooper; Ranking Member: Daniel A. Reed)
Whole

Joint committees

Atomic Energy (Chairman: Rep. Carl T. Durham; Vice Chairman: Sen. Clinton P. Anderson)
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
Construction of a Building for a Museum of History and Technology for the Smithsonian
Defense Production (Chairman: Sen. A. Willis Robertson; Vice Chairman: Rep. Paul Brown)
Disposition of Executive Papers
Economic (Chairman: Rep. Wright Patman; Vice Chairman: Sen. John J. Sparkman)
Immigration and Nationality Policy (Chairman: Vacant; Vice Chairman: Vacant)
Legislative Budget
The Library (Chairman: Rep. Omar Burleson; Vice Chairman: Sen. Theodore F. Green)
Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration
Printing (Chairman: Sen. Carl Hayden; Vice Chairman: Rep. Omar Burleson)
Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures (Chairman: Sen. Harry F. Byrd; Vice Chairman: Rep. Clarence Cannon)
Taxation (Chairman: Rep. Jere Cooper; Vice Chairman: Sen. Harry F. Byrd)
Washington (DC) Metropolitan Problems

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Architect of the Capitol: J. George Stewart
Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver
Comptroller General of the United States: Joseph Campbell
Librarian of Congress: Lawrence Quincy Mumford
Public Printer of the United States: Raymond Blattenberger

Senate

Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris, Methodist
Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins
Secretary: Felton McLellan Johnston
Librarian: Richard D. Hupman
Secretary for the Majority: Robert G. Baker
Secretary for the Minority: J. Mark Trice
Sergeant at Arms: Joseph C. Duke

House of Representatives

Clerk: Ralph R. Roberts
Doorkeeper: William Mosley "Fishbait" Miller
Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler
Postmaster: H. H. Morris
Reading Clerks: George J. Maurer (D) and Alney E. Chaffee (R) (until 1957) then Joe Bartlett (R) (starting 1957)
Sergeant at Arms: Zeake W. Johnson, Jr.
Chaplain: Bernard Braskamp (Presbyterian)

Notes

When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References

Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.
Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.
"Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". U.S. Congress. 2005. Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
"Congressional History". U.S. House of Representatives. 2006. Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
"Statistics and Lists". U.S. Senate. 2006. Archived from the original on June 1, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 85th Congress (PDF).
Official Congressional Directory for the 85th Congress, 1st Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 85th Congress, 2nd Session.
Pocket Congressional Directory for the 85th Congress.

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[SuccessorInstallation-1] When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

85th United States Congress

Major events

Major legislation

States admitted

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

Senate

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

House of Representatives

Non-voting members

Changes in membership

Senate

House of Representatives

Committees

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes