Darugha

Darugha (Bashkir: даруга, Tatar: Cyrillic даруга, Latin daruğa, from Mongol: daru-, 'to press, to seal'[1]) was a territorial subdivision in the Mongol Empire. A darugha was ruled by darughachi.

Later, the term was used for the province, particularly in Kazan and the Siberian Khanates in the 15th-16th centuries; and finally in the Turkic-populated parts of the Russian Empire in 16th-18th centuries.[2] In Safavid Persia, it was a title meaning prefect.[3] For example, one of the many Safavid darughas was Mirman Mirimanidze.

In 1762, the Bashkir people controlled the Kazan Darugha, the Nogai Darugha, the Osin Darugha, and the Siberian Darugha.[4]

In the Mughal Empire of South Asia, darugha was the title of the district police officer. This title was kept until the 20th century during the British Raj.

References
  1. Ergene, Boğaç A. (2009). Judicial Practice: Institutions and Agents in the Islamic World. Brill. p. 271. ISBN 978-9-00417-934-9. Darugha - the word is derived from the Mongol daru-, 'to press, to seal' and was used to denote a chief in the Mongol feudal hierarchy (...)
  2. "Даруга". Tatar Encyclopaedia (in Tatar). Kazan: The Republic of Tatarstan Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
  3. Mikaberidze, Alexander (2015). Historical Dictionary of Georgia. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-44224-146-6.
  4. Rychkov Petr Ivanovich: "Topography of Orenburg" Russia St. Petersburg, 1762 page 93
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