Dies sanguinis

Dies Sanguinis (Day of Blood), also called Sanguinaria, was a festival held in Ancient Rome on the Spring Equinox. Due to discrepancies in different calendar systems, this may be reflected as anytime between March 21 and 25. Festivities for the god Attis were celebrated from 15 to 28 March.[1]

Order of festivities

Following several days of mourning and abstinence, when the Day of Blood arrived, the priests of the goddess Cybele (the galli) flogged themselves until they bled and sprinkled their blood upon the image and the altars in the sanctuary, while others are said to have imitated the god Attis by castrating themselves. Such painful and dramatic acts allowed the worshipers to identify with Attis' pain and death. The Day of Blood was followed by a Day of Joy and Relaxation (Hilaria and Requietio) to celebrate Attis' resurrection, with feasting and good cheer in honor of the Great Mother, Cybele. This was followed by a rest day, and then a day of revelry for ritual bathing in the Little Almo River (Lavatio). The holy image of the Great Mother was bathed, and worshippers would also bathe.[2]

Rituals

On the Day of Blood, the priests of Bellona (the Bellonarii) mutilated their own arms and legs with sharp knives and drank their own blood or offered it to Bellona, asking her to unleash her war fury. Because of this, the day was also known as Bellona's Day.

They also used a deadly nightshade plant known as the Bellonaria (solanum). The name is a corruption of Belladonna. When a priest ate its seeds, they would start to hallucinate. Those hallucinations were used by them to make prophetic and oracular statements in the name of their goddess.

References

  1. "Roman Goddess Bellona ***". www.talesbeyondbelief.com. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  2. Meyer, Marvin W. (1999). The ancient mysteries: a sourcebook : sacred texts of the mystery religions of the ancient Mediterranean world. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-1692-9.
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