Eid al-Ghadir

Eid al-Ghadir (Arabic: عید الغدیر‎) is a Shia feast, and is considered to be among the "significant" feasts of Shia Islam. The Eid is held on 18 Dhu Al-Hijjah at the time when the Islamic prophet Muhammad was said to have appointed Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. According to hadiths, this Eid has been named "Eid-e Bozorg-e Elāhi" (Persian: عید بزرگ الهی) (i.e. the greatest divine Eid),[2] "Eid Ahl al-Bayt Muhammad"[3][4] and Ashraf al-A'yaad (i.e. the supreme Eid).[5][6]

Mosque at Johfah near Rabigh, the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia. The event is reported to have occurred somewhere here.
Also calledEid Al-Ghadeer; Yawm al-mithaq (Day of the Covenant)
Observed byShia Muslims
TypeIslam
SignificanceAppointment of Ali as the successor of Muhammad; completion of the message of Islam
ObservancesPrayers, gift-giving, festive meals, as well as reciting the Du'a Nudba
Date18 Dhu al-Hijjah
2021 date28 July[1]

Religious background
Main article: Event of Ghadir Khumm

Ten years after the migration (Hijrah), the Islamic prophet Muhammad ordered his followers to call upon people everywhere to join him in his last pilgrimage. Islamic scholars believe more than seventy thousand people followed Muhammad on his way to Mecca, where, on the fourth day of the month of Dhu'l-Hijjah, there were more than one hundred thousand Muslims present for his entry into the city.[7][8] While returning from this pilgrimage, on 18 Dhu'l-Hijjah 10 AH (March 632 CE) at an area known as Ghadir Khumm, Muhammad delivered a well-known sermon during which he called up his cousin and son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib and declared, "to whomsoever I am Mawla, Ali is also their Mawla". While the meaning of the word Mawla can be interpreted in several ways, including as "friend" or "master", Shi'ites view it as being the latter and thus see the sermon as being the official designation of Ali as Muhammad's successor.[9] As a result, the date of the sermon is considered to be one of the foundational events of Shia Islam, with the anniversary becoming one of its most important annual celebrations as "Eid al-Ghadir".[10][11]

Celebration

Shia Muslims throughout the world celebrate this event annually with diverse customs.[12][13] It is held in different countries, including Iran,[14][15][16] India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan,[17] Iraq,[18][19] UAE, Yemen, Afghanistan, Lebanon, Bahrain, and Syria. Shia Muslims also celebrate Eid Ghadir in Europe and the Americas, including the U.S., Canada, UK, Germany, France.[20][21][22][23]

See also
  •  Shia Islam portal

References
  1. "Iran Public Holidays 2021". Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  2. Al-Hurr al-Aamili, Wasā'il al-Shīʿa, V.8, P.89
  3. The celebration of Ghaidr mashreghnews.ir Retrieved 15 September 2018
  4. Sayyed Ibn Tawus, Iqbal al-A'mal, V.2, P.261
  5. Eid Ghadir (Ghadeer) yjc.ir
  6. Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni, Kitab al-Kafi, V.4, P.148
  7. Ghadir Khum al-islam.org
  8. Event of Ghadir Khumm Irfan.ir
  9. Vaglieri, Laura Veccia (2012). "G̲h̲adīr K̲h̲umm". Encyclopædia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill Online. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  10. Lindsay, James E. (1957). Daily Life in the Medieval Islamic World. Greenwood Press. p. 163. ISBN 9780313322709.
  11. Campo, Juan Eduardo (2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. pp. 257–58. ISBN 9781438126968.
  12. The celebration of the event of Ghadir Khum irna.ir
  13. Eid (feast) Ghadir-Khum afkarnews.com
  14. Ghadir Khum (Eid) farsnews.com
  15. Ghadir celebration, Ahwaz, Iran aparat.com
  16. Ghadir celebration irinn.ir Retrieved 22 September 2018
  17. Islamic countries, Eid Ghadir Khum hawzah.net
  18. Iraq, Eid Ghadir-Khum alalam.ir Retrieved 22 September 2018
  19. Eid Ghadir Khum, Iraq shia-news.com Retrieved 22 September 2018
  20. Ghadir Khum, celebration alkawthartv.com
  21. Eid Ghadir-Khum, in Georgia iribnews.ir
  22. The celebration of Ghadir, in Saudi Arabia shia-news.com
  23. Ghadir celebration in various countries of the world iqna.ir
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