Empresa de Transporte Aéreo

Empresa de Transporte Aéreo & Companhia Limitada (ETA) was a Brazilian airline founded in 1928. It ceased operations in 1929.

Empresa de Transporte Aéreo (ETA)
Founded1928
Commenced operations1929
Ceased operations1929
HeadquartersRio de Janeiro, Brazil
Key peopleRuy Vacani

History

Though founded in 1928, the history of the airline can be traced to one year earlier. In 1927, Ralph O'Neill wanted to establish postal services between the United States of America and South America, and worked in two fronts: establishing an American airline to operate the trunk-routes and establishing or purchasing local airlines to provide feeder-services.[1]

It was with this intention that O'Neill contacted Ruy Vacani and Benjamin and Alexandre Braga, who were in the process of creating an airline. The contacts did not reach a definite conclusion because O'Neill did not agree on the financial aspect of the operation and Vacani and the Braga brothers could not provide exclusive exploration of air services in Brazil, as demanded by O'Neill.

Both groups however pursued their plans and while O'Neill established NYRBA, Vacani and the Braga Brothers founded ETA on August 10, 1928. ETA received a concession to fly on the entire territory of Brazil on March 1, 1929 but the Brazilian government did not grant the requested exclusivity of exploration of air services in Brazil. Its plans consisted of flying postal bags from Rio de Janeiro to São Paulo, to Campos dos Goytacazes, and to Belo Horizonte, using aircraft with landing wheels, an uncommon characteristic in Brazil at the time.[2]

The first flight took off on July 30, 1929 from Rio de Janeiro-Manguinhos Airport to São Paulo-Campo de Marte Airport and took 3 hours and 45 minutes.[3]

Seeking to grow its operations, ETA contacted a director of NYRBA who was willing to sell aircraft - but who also wanted to buy the airline. The sale contract was signed on August 13, 1929 and a minor portion of the agreed price paid. However, the contract was not registered and had actual faults which made it invalid according to Brazilian law. Furthermore, ETA did not have the exclusivity demanded by O'Neill. For this reason, O'Neill denounced the contract and declared the transaction null. A years-long legal battle followed.

Losing interest in air operations, Vacani and the Braga brothers ceased the operations of ETA on November 16, 1929 sold two of its aircraft to Varig, the ones registered as P-BBAC and P-BBAD. There is no record of the fate of P-BBAA.

Years later, in 1947, Ruy Vacani started another airline: Lóide Aéreo Nacional.

Destinations

Fleet
ETA Fleet[4]
Aircraft Total Years of operation Notes
Klemm KL 25 3 1929-1929

References
  1. Palhano Barbosa, Nair (1996). Nas asas da história: Lembranças da Panair do Brasil (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Agir. p. 10. ISBN 85-220-0467-6.
  2. Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica (1990). História Geral da Aeronáutica Brasileira: de 1921 às vésperas da criação do Ministério da Aeronáutica (in Portuguese). 2. Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia and Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica. pp. 227–231.
  3. Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. pp. 277–278.
  4. Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. p. 278.
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