Ernest Lemon

Sir Ernest John Hutchings Lemon OBE (9 December 1884 – 15 December 1954) was an English railway engineer, and was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway and later one of its three Vice-Presidents. During the run-up to the Second World War Lemon was made Director-General of Aircraft Production and made crucial improvements to aircraft production.

Sir Ernest Lemon
Born(1884-12-09)9 December 1884
Sturminster, Dorset, England
Died15 December 1954(1954-12-15) (aged 70)
Epsom, Surrey, England
EducationHeriot-Watt College
OccupationEngineer
Engineering career
DisciplineMechanical
InstitutionsInstitution of Mechanical Engineers

Biography

Lemon was born in the small village of Okeford Fitzpaine, in the registration district of Sturminster Newton, North Dorset.[1] His father was a carpenter, and his mother laundress for the Rectory next door, where his first work experience was as a ‘back door boy’. The Rector recognised his potential, and when the Rector's daughter moved to Scotland she took Lemon with her, and he attended Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh.[2] He served an apprenticeship with the North British Locomotive Company and then worked for the Highland Railway and for Hurst Nelson.

In 1911 Lemon became Chief Wagon Inspector of the Midland Railway in England. In 1917 he was made Carriage Works Manager at Derby. In 1923 he was appointed Divisional Carriage and Wagon Superintendent at Derby. There he developed production line methods for the construction of wagons and carriages.

Despite having little experience in locomotive engineering, in 1931 Lemon was appointed to the post of Chief Mechanical Engineer replacing the retiring Henry Fowler. After less than a year as CME however, Lemon was again promoted to Vice-President, Railway Traffic, Operating and Commercial, replacing J.H. Follows who retired due to ill health. Under his Vice-Presidency, the LMS undertook modernisation of their motive power depots. William Stanier had been head-hunted from the Great Western Railway to replace Lemon as CME and revolutionised the LMS's locomotive policy.

Lemon was a member of the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps — a Territorial Army unit of the Royal Engineers; he joined as a Major in November 1929,[3] and was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel in April 1932.[4] He resigned his commission in August 1943.[5]

During the Second World War Lemon was made Director-General of Aircraft Production and received a knighthood in the 1941 New Year's Honours list.[6] He retired from the railway in 1943 and died in Epsom in 1954.

References
  1. https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search/results?firstname=ernest%20j&lastname=lemon&eventyear=1885&eventyear_offset=0&datasetname=england%20%26%20wales%20births%201837-2006
  2. Terry Jenkins, Sir Ernest Lemon, RCHS Books, 4 Broadway, Lincoln LN2, 1SH (2011). ISBN 978-0-901461-58-2
  3. "No. 33555". The London Gazette. 26 November 1929. p. 7662.
  4. "No. 33819". The London Gazette. 22 April 1932. p. 2637.
  5. "No. 36121". The London Gazette (Supplement). 3 August 1943. p. 3533.
  6. "No. 35029". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1941. p. 2.

Further reading
  • Terry Jenkins, Sir Ernest Lemon, RCHS Books, 4 Broadway, Lincoln LN2, 1SH (2011). ISBN 978-0-901461-58-2.
Business positions
Preceded by
Henry Fowler		 Chief Mechanical Engineer of the
London, Midland and Scottish Railway
1931–1932		 Succeeded by
William Stanier
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