Eshpum

Eshpum (𒀹𒅗 esh18-pum, formerly read Geba) was Akkadian Governor of Elam around 2269-2255 BCE. He was a vassal of the Akkadian Empire ruler Manishtushu.[2]

Eshpum
𒀹𒅗
Governor of Elam
Archaic Mesopotamian statue of an orant dated to circa 2700 BCE, rededicated by Eshpum, governor de Susa and vassal the king of Akkad, Manishtusu (2275-2260 BCE), to Elamite goddess Narundi. Found in Susa. Louvre Museum, Sb 82.[1]
Reignc. 2269-2255 BCE
PredecessorLuh-ishan (Awan Dynasty)
SuccessorEpirmupi
DynastyAkkadian Governor of Elam
Luh-isha ruled from Susa in Elam

While Eshpum was in charge of Elam, another Governor of Manistushu named Ilshu-rabi was in charge of Pashime, in the coastal area.[3]

Votive statue

An archaic statue of an orant is known, which was re-dedicated about 500 years later by Eshpum.[4] It reads:

Eshpum votive statue inscription

𒈠𒀭𒅖𒌅𒋢 / 𒈗 / 𒆧 / 𒀹𒅗 / 𒀵𒋢 / 𒀀𒈾 / 𒀭𒈾𒊒𒋾 / 𒀀𒈬𒈾𒊒

"ma-an-isz-tu-su / lugal / kish / esh18-pum / ARAD2-su / a-na / {d}na-ru-ti / a mu-na-ru
For Manishtushu king of Kish, Eshpum his servant, dedicated this statue to Narundi"

— Inscription of Eshpum on the statue of the orant. Louvre Museum Sb 82.[5][6][7]
  • Archaic votive statue (circa 2700 BCE) dedicated by Eshpum, with his inscription in the back
  • Detail of the statue.

Seal inscriptions

"Eshpum, Governor of Elam"

Another inscription of Eshpum is known, which reads "Eshpum, Governor of Elam" (𒀹𒅗 𒑐𒋼𒋛 𒉏𒈠𒆠 esz18-pum ensi2 elam{ki}).[8]

  • Seal impression with inscription "Eshpum Governor of Elam" (𒀹𒅗 𒑐𒋼𒋛 𒉏𒈠𒆠 esz18-pum ensi2 elam{ki}). Louvre Museum, Sb 6675.[9]
  • Detail of the seal impression with inscription "Eshpum Governor of Elam" (𒀹𒅗 𒑐𒋼𒋛 𒉏𒈠𒆠 esz18-pum ensi2 elam{ki}). Louvre Museum, Sb 6675.[10]
  • Seal of Eshpum
  • Seal impression, with inscription "Eshpum, Governor of Elam" (Eshpum Ensi Nim-ki)[11][12][13]

"Egigi, servant of Eshpum"

A seal only known from fragments, was made in the name of "Egigi, the fortune teller, servant of Eshpum".[14][15]

  • "Egigi the fortune teller, servant of Eshpum".[16]
  • "Egigi the fortune teller, servant of Eshpum".[17][18]
  • Egigi the fortune teller, servant of Eshpum (fragments).[19]

References
  1. "Sb 82 Louvre Museum".
  2. Álvarez-Mon, Javier (2020). The Art of Elam CA. 4200–525 BC. Routledge. p. 209. ISBN 978-1-000-03485-1.
  3. Potts, D. T. (1999). The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State. Cambridge University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-521-56496-0.
  4. Álvarez-Mon, Javier (2020). The Art of Elam CA. 4200–525 BC. Routledge. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-000-03485-1.
  5. "CDLI-Archival View". cdli.ucla.edu.
  6. "Sb 82 Louvre Museum".
  7. Mémoires. Paris P. Geuthner. 1899. p. 10.
  8. "CDLI-Found Texts". cdli.ucla.edu.
  9. "Site officiel du musée du Louvre". cartelfr.louvre.fr.
  10. "Site officiel du musée du Louvre". cartelfr.louvre.fr.
  11. "CDLI-Found Texts". cdli.ucla.edu.
  12. Mémoires. Paris P. Geuthner. 1899. p. 4.
  13. Álvarez-Mon, Javier (2020). The Art of Elam CA. 4200–525 BC. Routledge. p. 209. ISBN 978-1-000-03485-1.
  14. "Les sceaux de l'administration princiere de Suse". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  15. Delaporte, Louis-Joseph (1874-1944) Auteur du texte (1920). Catalogue des cylindres, cachets et pierres gravées de style oriental : Musée du Louvre. Fouilles et missions / par Louis Delaporte ; avec le concours de M. Fr. Thureau-Dangin pour la partie épigraphique.
  16. "Les sceaux de l'administration princiere de Suse". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  17. "Les sceaux de l'administration princiere de Suse". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. Delaporte, Louis-Joseph (1874-1944) Auteur du texte (1920). Catalogue des cylindres, cachets et pierres gravées de style oriental : Musée du Louvre. Fouilles et missions / par Louis Delaporte ; avec le concours de M. Fr. Thureau-Dangin pour la partie épigraphique.
  19. Delaporte, Louis-Joseph (1874-1944) Auteur du texte (1920). Catalogue des cylindres, cachets et pierres gravées de style oriental : Musée du Louvre. Fouilles et missions / par Louis Delaporte ; avec le concours de M. Fr. Thureau-Dangin pour la partie épigraphique.
Preceded by
Luh-ishan
(Awan Dynasty)		 Akkadian Governor of Elam
2300 BCE		 Succeeded by
Epirmupi
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