Euaresta

Euaresta
	Euaresta aequalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Tephritidae
Subfamily:	Tephritinae
Tribe:	Tephritini
Genus:	Euaresta; Loew, 1873[1]
Type species
	Trypeta festiva; Loew, 1872[1]
Synonyms
	Camaromyia Hendel, 1914[2]; Setigeresta Benjamin, 1934[3];

Euaresta is a genus of flies in the family Tephritidae that live in plants of the closely related genera Ambrosia, Xanthium, and Dicoria, and feed on their flowers and seeds.[4]

The 15 species of Euaresta are endemic to the Americas, eight being native to North America and seven to South America. Only one specimen has been collected in Central America (E. toba in El Salvador), and one or two species occur in the Antilles.[4]

Euaresta bullans has been introduced, perhaps accidentally, from South America to California and Arizona, southern Europe, the Middle East, South Africa and Australia, where it attacks spiny cocklebur (Xanthium spinosum). E. aequalis has been introduced to Fiji and Australia, to act as a biological control agent of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). E. bella was released in Europe to control ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), but did not become established there.[4]

Species

Fifteen species are recognised in the genus Euaresta:[4]

North America

E. aequalis (Loew, 1862)[1]
E. bella (Loew, 1862)[1]
E. bellula Snow, 1894[5]
E. festiva (Loew, 1862)[1]
E. jonesi Curran, 1932[6]
E. stelligera (Coquillett, 1894)
E. stigmatica (Coquillett, 1902)
E. tapetis (Coquillett, 1894)

South America

E. bullans Snow, 1894
E. meridionalis Aczel, 1952
E. philodema (Hendel, 1914)
E. regularis Norrbom, 1993
E. reticulata (Hendel, 1914)
E. toba (Lindner, 1928)
E. versicolor Norrbom, 1993

References

Loew, Hermann (1873). "Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part III". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 11: vii + 351 +XIII pp., 4 pls. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
Hendel, Friedrich (1914). "Die Gattungen der Bohrfliegen. (Analytische Ubersicht aller bisher bekannten Gattungen der Tephritinae.)". Wiener Entomologische Zeitung. 33: 73–98. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
Benjamin, F.H. (1934). "Descriptions of some native trypetid flies with notes on their habits". Technical Bulletin, United States Department of Agriculture. 401: 1–95.
Allen L. Norrbom (January 26, 2001). "Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae)". The Diptera Site. Agricultural Research Service. Archived from the original on July 9, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
Snow, W.A. (1894). "Descriptions of North American Trypetidae, with notes. Paper I". The Kansas University Quarterly. 2: 159–174, 2 pls.
Curran, Charles Howard (1932). "New species of Trypaneidae, with key to the North American genera" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 556: 1–19. Retrieved 9 February 2021.

External links

Key to species of Euaresta

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[Loew1873-1] Loew, Hermann (1873). "Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part III". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 11: vii + 351 +XIII pp., 4 pls. Retrieved 26 January 2021.

[Hendel1914-2] Hendel, Friedrich (1914). "Die Gattungen der Bohrfliegen. (Analytische Ubersicht aller bisher bekannten Gattungen der Tephritinae.)". Wiener Entomologische Zeitung. 33: 73–98. Retrieved 8 February 2021.

[Benjamin1934-3] Benjamin, F.H. (1934). "Descriptions of some native trypetid flies with notes on their habits". Technical Bulletin, United States Department of Agriculture. 401: 1–95.

[Norrbom-4] Allen L. Norrbom (January 26, 2001). "Euaresta Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae)". The Diptera Site. Agricultural Research Service. Archived from the original on July 9, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.

[Snow1894-5] Snow, W.A. (1894). "Descriptions of North American Trypetidae, with notes. Paper I". The Kansas University Quarterly. 2: 159–174, 2 pls.

[Curran1932-6] Curran, Charles Howard (1932). "New species of Trypaneidae, with key to the North American genera" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 556: 1–19. Retrieved 9 February 2021.