Euconulidae

Euconulidae is a taxonomic family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. This land snail family is closely allied to the Zonitidae, the glass snails.

Euconulidae
Drawing of a live Euconulus fulvus and its shell
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Heterobranchia
clade Euthyneura
clade Panpulmonata
clade Eupulmonata
clade Stylommatophora
informal group Sigmurethra
clade limacoid clade
Superfamily:
Trochomorphoidea
Family:
Euconulidae

Baker, 1928

Taxonomy

The family Euconulidae was originally placed within the superfamily Gastrodontoidea according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).[1] Since 2017, its classification has been revised and it now belongs to the superfamily Trochomorphoidea [2]

Distribution

The distribution of the Euconulidae includes the Nearctic, the western-Palearctic, the eastern-Palearctic, the Neotropical zone, the Ethiopian zone, Malagasy, south-eastern Asia, Australia, Polynesia and Hawaii.[3]

Shell description

These minute snails have a shell which is roundly conical and broad-based, like the shape of an old-fashioned European woven bee hive or skep. For this reason these snails are sometimes known as "hive snails".

The shells of most Euconulidae are only about 3 mm in size, amber-colored and translucent.

Anatomy

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).[4]

Genera

Subfamilies and genera in the family Euconulidae include:

Euconulinae

  • Afroconulus Van Mol & van Bruggen, 1971[5]
  • Afroguppya de Winter & Bruggen, 1992[5]
  • Afropunctum F. Haas, 1934[5]
  • Cancelloconus I. Rensch, 1932[5]
  • Coneuplecta Möllendorff, 1893[5]
  • Diepenheimia Preston, 1913[5]
  • Discoconulus Reinhardt, 1883[5]
  • Dryachloa F. G. Thompson & H. G. Lee, 1980[5]
  • Euconulus Reinhardt, 1883 - type genus of the family Euconulidae[1]
  • Guppya Mörch, 1867[5]
  • Habroconus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1872[5]
  • Kororia H. B. Baker, 1941[5]
  • Louisia Godwin-Austen, 1908[5]
  • Luchuconulus Pilsbry, 1928[5]
  • Palaua H.B. Baker, 1941[5]
  • Papuarion Van Mol, 1973[5]
  • Parasitala Thiele, 1931[5]
  • Sabalimax Tillier & Bouchet, 1989[5]
  • Serostena Iredale, 1941[5]
  • Turrisitala Iredale, 1933[5]
  • Velifera W.G. Binney, 1879[5]

Microcystinae

Cladogram

The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family with the other families within the limacoid clade:[3]

 limacoid clade 
 Staffordioidea 

Staffordiidae

 
 
 
 Dyakioidea 

Dyakiidae

 
 Gastrodontoidea 
 

Pristilomatidae

 
 
 

Chronidae

 
 
 

Euconulidae

 
 

Trochomorphidae

 
 
 
 

Gastrodontidae

 
 

Oxychilidae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parmacelloidea 
 

Trigonochlamydidae

 
 

Parmacellidae

 
 

Milacidae

 
 
 
 
 Zonitoidea 

Zonitidae

 
 Helicarionoidea 
 

Helicarionidae

 
 
 

Ariophantidae

 
 

Urocyclidae

 
 
 
 
 Limacoidea 
 

Vitrinidae

 
 
 

Boettgerillidae

 
 
 

Limacidae

 
 

Agriolimacidae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  2. Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1-526
  3. Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.
  4. Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
  5. MolluscaBase (2018). Euconulinae H.B. Baker, 1928. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994926 on 2018-09-14
  6. Bouchet P. & Abdou A. (2001). "Recent Extinct Land Snails (Euconulidae) from the Gambier Islands with Remarkable Apertural Barriers". Pacific Science 55(2): 121-127. doi:10.1353/psc.2001.0011.
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