Helicarionidae

Helicarionidae is a family of air-breathing land snails or semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea.[2]

Helicarionidae
Five worn shells of Erepta setiliris in the family Helicarionidae, at Réunion island
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Superorder: Eupulmonata
Order: Stylommatophora
Suborder: Helicina
Infraorder: Limacoidei
Superfamily: Helicarionoidea
Family: Helicarionidae
Bourguignat, 1877[1]

Distribution

The distribution of Helicarionidae includes the eastern Palearctic, Malagasy, India, south-eastern Asia, Hawaii, and Australia.[3]

Anatomy

Species of snails within this family make and use love darts made of chitin.

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 30 (according to the values in this table).[4]

Taxonomy

The following two subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):[2]

  • subfamily Helicarioninae Bourguignat, 1877 - synonyms: Pseudotrochatellinae A. J. Wagner, 1905;[5] Ereptinae Godwin-Austen, 1908;[6] Xestinae Gude & B. B. Woodward, 1921;[7] Sesarinae Thiele, 1931;[8] Nitoridae Iredale, 1937;[9] Epiglyptidae Iredale, 1944;[10] Gudeoconchidae Iredale, 1944[10]
  • subfamily Durgellinae Godwin-Austen, 1888[11]
    • tribe Durgellini Godwin-Austen, 1888 - synonyms: Sitalinae Godwin-Austen, 1900;[12] Sophininae W. Blanford & Godwin-Austen, 1908;[13] Satiellini Schileyko, 2003[14]
    • tribe Girasiini Collinge, 1902[15]

Genera

Genera within the family Helicarionidae include:

subfamily Helicarioninae

  • Epiglypta Pilsbry, 1893[2]
  • Erepta Albers, 1850[2]
  • Gudeoconcha Iredale, 1914[2]
  • Helicarion Férussac, 1821 - type genus of the family Helicarionidae[2]
  • Kalidos Gude, 1911[16]
  • Nitor Gude, 1911[2]
  • Parmella H. Adams, 1867
  • Plegma Gude, 1911
  • Pseudotrochatella G. Nevill, 1881[2]
  • Sesara Albers, 1860[2]
  • Wilhelminaia Preston, 1913 [17]
  • Xesta Albers, 1850[2]

subfamily Durgellinae

  • tribe Durgellini
    • Aenigmatoconcha C. Tumpeesuwan & S. Tumpeesuwan, 2017
    • Austenia G. Nevill, 1878
    • Cryptaustenia Cockerell, 1891
    • Durgella Blanford, 1863 - type genus of the subfamily Durgellinae[2]
    • Eurychlamys Godwin-Austen, 1899
    • Holkeion Godwin-Austen, 1908
    • Ibycus Heynemann, 1863
    • Nesaecia Gude, 1911
    • Pseudaustenia Cockerell, 1891
    • Rasama Laidlaw, 1932
    • Rhyssotopsis Ancey, 1887
    • Rotungia Godwin-Austen, 1918
    • Satiella Godwin-Austen, 1908[2]
    • Sitala H. Adams, 1865[2]
    • Sivella W.T. Blanford, 1863
    • Sophina Benson, 1859[2]
    • Teraia Solem, 1966
  • tribe Girasiini
    • Girasia Gray, 1855 - type genus of the tribe Girasiini[2]

subfamily ?

Cladogram

The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family to other families within the limacoid clade:[3]

 limacoid clade 
 Staffordioidea 

Staffordiidae

 
 
 
 Dyakioidea 

Dyakiidae

 
 Gastrodontoidea 
 

Pristilomatidae

 
 
 

Chronidae

 
 
 

Euconulidae

 
 

Trochomorphidae

 
 
 
 

Gastrodontidae

 
 

Oxychilidae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Parmacelloidea 
 

Trigonochlamydidae

 
 

Parmacellidae

 
 

Milacidae

 
 
 
 
 Zonitoidea 

Zonitidae

 
 Helicarionoidea 
 

Helicarionidae

 
 
 

Ariophantidae

 
 

Urocyclidae

 
 
 
 
 Limacoidea 
 

Vitrinidae

 
 
 

Boettgerillidae

 
 
 

Limacidae

 
 

Agriolimacidae

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. Bourguignat J. R. (1877). "Description de deux nouveaux genres algériens, suive d'une classification des families et des genres de Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles du système européen". Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles de Toulouse 3(1): 49-101. page 64.
  2. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  3. Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.
  4. G. M. Barker (2001). The Biology of Terrestrial Molluscs. CABI. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-85199-318-8.
  5. Wagner A. J. (1905). Denkschriften der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften 77: 365.
  6. Godwin-Austen H. H. (1908). "On the Animals of Genera and Species of Mascarene Land-Mollusca belonging to the family Zonitidae, collected by Monsieur E. Dupont". Annals and Magazine of Natural History (8)2: 422-436. 432. Plate 9-11.
  7. Gude G. P. L. K. & Woodward B. B. (1921). "On Helicella, Férussac". Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 14(5-6): 174-190. page 185.
  8. Thiele (1931). Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde 1(2): 620.
  9. Iredale T. (1937). The Australian Zoologist 9(1): 2.
  10. Iredale T. (1944). The Australian Zoologist 10(3): page 326 and page 328.
  11. Godwin-Austen H. H. (1888). Land and freshwater Mollusca of India 1(6): 253.
  12. Godwin-Austen H. H. (1900). In: Sykes Mollusca. In: Sharp (ed.) Fauna Hawaiiensis 2(4): 283.
  13. Blanford W. T. & Godwin-Austen H. H. (1908). The fauna of British India. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae, page 283.
  14. Schileyko (2003). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 10: 1319.
  15. Collinge (1902). The Journal of Malacology 9(3): 71, 73.
  16. Bank, R. (2017). Kalidos Gude, 1911. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996393 on 2017-11-05
  17. Ho Wai Hoong "A Review Of The Land-Snail Fauna Of Singapore" The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 1995 43(1): 91-113
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