Euphorbia damarana

Euphorbia damarana also known as Damara milk-bush and locally as melkbos is a species of flowering plant native to Namibia.

Euphorbia damarana
Bush in Namibia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species:
E. damarana
Binomial name
Euphorbia damarana
Euphorbia damarana - MHNT

Taxonomy

Euphorbia damarana was described by Leslie Charles Leach and published in Bothalia 11: 500. 1975.

Appearance

The plant consists of slender and grey stems growing up to a height of 2.5 meters.[1] Yellow-brown capsules appear at the tips of the plant during the fruiting season.[1] The plants may not bear fruit as individual plants are either male or female.[1]

Toxicity

The plant is regarded as one of the most toxic plants in Namibia, but specific studies into its toxicity are not known. It has been reported that the toxic milky latex of the plant is capable of killing animals and humans except rhino and oryx who feed upon it.[2] It has been reported that if you have an open wound and come into contact with the plant its poison could kill you.[2] Another story implicated it in the deaths of 11 Oshiwambo-speaking miners at the Uis Tin Mine after consuming food cooked over a fire of Euphorbia damarana.[2]

A noted use is to contaminate watering holes with the plant's latex to poison and catch game which drink from the watering hole.[3] The plant's toxic latex is highly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.[3]

References

  1. "Damara Milk Bush". Niamibian.org. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
  2. "The exotic plant endemic to Kunene". Archived from the original on April 13, 2013. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
  3. Schmelzer, Gabriëlla Harriët (2008). Medicinal Plants. PROTA Foundation. ISBN 9789057822049. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
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