Felid hybrid

A caraval is a cross between a male caracal (Caracal caracal) and a female serval (Leptailurus serval)), while a male serval's and female caracal's offspring are called servicals. The first servicals were bred accidentally when the two animals were housed together in the Los Angeles Zoo. The offspring were tawny with pale spots. If a female servical is crossed to a male caracal, the result is a car-servical; if she is crossed to a male serval, the result is a ser-servical, etc.

The blynx or lynxcat is a hybrid of a bobcat (Lynx rufus) and some other species of genus Lynx. The appearance of the offspring depends on which lynx species is used, as the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is more heavily spotted than the Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis). These hybrids have been bred in captivity and also occur naturally where a lynx or bobcat cannot find a member of its own species for mating.

At least seven such hybrids have been reported in the United States, outside of captivity. In August 2003, two wild-occurring hybrids between wild Canadian lynx and bobcats were confirmed by DNA analysis in the Moosehead region of Maine. Three hybrids were identified in northeastern Minnesota. These were the first confirmed hybrids outside of captivity. Mitochondrial DNA studies showed them all to be the result of matings between female Canada lynx and male bobcats. A male Canada lynx × bobcat hybrid was trapped in 1998, radio-collared and released, only to die of starvation. The female hybrid was fertile. In November 2003, a spotted lynxcat was observed in Illinois, 500 miles (800 km) from normal lynx territory, but it may have been an escaped hybrid pet.

The hybrids closely resembled bobcats with larger bodies and smaller feet, but had some lynx-like features: long ear tufts and almost completely black-tipped tails. The Canada lynx is a protected species in 14 US states constituting the southern part of its historic range, but the hybrids are not protected and may be shot by hunters. However, some of odd-looking Lynx may be colour morphs of either bobcats or Canada lynx rather than hybrids. This poses the danger that protected Canada lynx are being killed.

A jungle lynx is a hybrid between the bobcat and the wild jungle cat species (F. chaus, not to be confused with the Jungle Cat breed, detailed below), bred as an exotic pet. Later generations can include domestic genes, as they may be crossed to Savannah, Egyptian Mau, Serengeti, and Pixie Bob domestic breeds, and have also been crossbred with the wild caracal.

The Euro-chaus is a man-made hybrid between the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) and the jungle cat species. It should not be confused with the Euro-chausie, which is a cross between the domestic Chausie breed and a European wildcat .

The marlot is a hybrid between a male margay (Leopardus wiedii) and female ocelot (L. pardalis). In May 1977, the Long Island Ocelot Club (LIOC) announced the birth of a marlot bred by Barbara Brocks using captive-bred parents. There was no description of the marlot, but the parent species both have rosetted or marbled patterns on a sandy background.[1]

There were attempts to breed the margay with the oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus) by Dutch breeder Mme Falken-Rohrle in the 1950s. These appear to have been unsuccessful.[2]

Some pairings have given rise to more than one variety, bred for distinctive appearances and different percentages of wild felid genes. They may thus form distinct breeds with separate breed standards, though many of these hybrids are not recognized by any major breed registry. Several are the result of accidental cross-breeding in zoos, or experimental hybridization (as with wolfdogs) for the exotic pet market.

• Bengal: domestic cat × Asian leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis, usually the P. b. bengalensis subspecies)
  • Pantherette: Pixie-bob × Asian leopard cat
• Ussuri: domestic cat × Amur leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptailura)
• Bristol: domestic cat × margay (Leopardus wiedii)
• Caracat: domestic cat × caracal; first case was accidental in Moscow Zoo in 1998. Later, it became most expensive and rarest cat breed.[3]
• Chausie: domestic cat × jungle cat species (Felis chaus)
  • Jungle-bob: Pixie-bob × jungle cat
  • Jungle-curl: Hemingway Curl (polydactyl landrace × American Curl) × jungle cat
  • Stone cougar: domestic cat × jungle cat
• Kellas cat: Naturally occurring landrace, domestic cat × Scottish wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris)
• Machbagral, viverral, and jambi: domestic cat × fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus)
• Marguerite: domestic cat × sand cat (Felis margarita); kittens were born to a domestic female, in 2013 and another 20 hybrids at United Kingdom in 2017[4]
• Punjabi: domestic cat × Indian desert cat, a variety of Asiatic wildcat (Felis lybica ornata)
• Safari: domestic cat × Geoffroy's cat (Leopardus geoffroyii)
• Savannah: domestic cat (including Bengal) × serval (Leptailurus serval)
• Domestic cat × oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus)
• Domestic cat × black-footed cat (Felis nigripes)
• Domestic cat × rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus); wild-occurring hybrids, India

Crossbreeding with additional domestic breeds or between two wild–domestic hybrids

• Cheetoh: Ocicat × Bengal
• Serengeti: Oriental Shorthair × Bengal
• Jungle (breed, not to be confused with the jungle cat species): Bengal × Chausie
  • Jungle Curl: American Curl (among others) × Jungle breed and sometimes additional Bengal
  • Highlander (a.k.a. Highland Lynx): Desert Lynx × Jungle Curl

Three-way hybrids of a wild–domestic hybrid to another wild species

• Afro-Chausie (proposed name): Chausie × African wildcat
• Euro-Chausie: Chausie × European wildcat
• Scottie-Chausie (proposed name): Chausie × Scottish wildcat
• Bengal × ocelot; two litters of were delivered by a female ocelot in 2007 and 2008.

The pumtigard [5] or pumtiglep is a felid hybrid between a puma male and tigard female.

These crosses are of dubious viability due to genetic divergence between these genera

• "Mandalan jaguar" (proposed name): domestic cat × jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi)
• Domestic cat × Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis)
• Domestic cat × bobcat (Lynx rufus): There are reports of bobcats breeding with domestic cats, but evidence of offspring remains circumstantial and anecdotal. Their interfertility is yet to be proven scientifically.[6]
• Domestic cat × Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul)

The Jaguarundi Curl is not a jaguarundi hybrid. It is a short-legged experimental domestic breed developed from the Highland Lynx/Highlander and Munchkin breeds, named after the short-legged wild feline.

The Ocicat is not a hybrid between a domestic cat and an ocelot. It is derived from Siamese and Abyssinian domestic breeds of cat, and gets its name from its markings which resemble the spotted markings of an ocelot.

The Desert Lynx and American Lynx experimental breeds were originally claimed to be bobcat hybrids with around 12.5% wild genes. In spite of their slightly bobcat-like appearance, DNA testing failed to detect any bobcat marker genes, and these cats are now considered wholly domestic for the purposes of ownership, cat fancy registration, and import and export laws. This parallels the case of the Pixie-bob, in that foundation cats in the breed were speculated to be bobcat-domestic hybrids, but were proven all-domestic.

The "Lynx" breed group has expanded with the derivative Alpine Lynx and Highlander (formerly Highland Lynx) varieties.[7] So far, few of these ongoing crossbreeding programs are recognized by breed registries as standardized breeds.