Günter Wand

Günter Wand (January 7, 1912, in Elberfeld, Germany – February 14, 2002, in Ulmiz near Bern, Switzerland) was a German orchestra conductor and composer. Wand studied in Wuppertal, Allenstein and Detmold. At the Cologne Conservatory, he was a composition student with Philipp Jarnach and a piano student with Paul Baumgartner.[1] He was a conducting pupil of Franz von Hoesslin in Munich, but was otherwise largely self-taught as a conductor.[2] During his 65-year-long career as a conductor, he was particularly revered for his Schubert and Bruckner, and was honoured with many significant awards, including the German Record Award and the internationally important Diapason d'Or.

Career

In February 1924, aged 12, Wand attended a performance of Der Zigeunerbaron at the Thalia Theatre in Wuppertal-Elberfeld, and was so entranced he decided to become a conductor. The role of Sandor Barinkay that evening was sung by Richard Tauber.[3]

Cologne

Wand started his career in Cologne, where he was to stay for several decades, as a conductor of the Cologne Opera in 1939. After World War II his position in Cologne was consolidated as he became Generalmusikdirektor in charge of both the opera and the Gürzenich Orchestra, which he conducted until 1974.[3]

In 1948, he also started teaching conducting at a music school in Cologne. From the early 1950s he guest-conducted a number of orchestras, making his London debut in 1951 with the London Symphony Orchestra. Other orchestras who invited him included the WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne and Munich Philharmonic Orchestra.

After several recordings of Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven with the Gürzenich for a French subscription collection in the mid-1950s, he made no studio recordings for nearly two decades with the exception of an appearance with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra on Decca Records, accompanying Wilhelm Backhaus in Robert Schumann's Piano Concerto (his only recording with that orchestra). In the 1970s and early 1980s, he recorded the complete symphonies of Franz Schubert and Anton Bruckner with the WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne.

Hamburg and late years

In 1982, Wand became chief conductor of the NDR Symphony Orchestra. With the latter ensemble, he was able to record the complete symphonies of Beethoven and Brahms as well as works by Mozart, Tchaikovsky, Debussy, Schubert and Schumann. He also remade Bruckner's symphonies 3 to 9.

In January 1982, Wand conducted the BBC Symphony Orchestra for the first time,[4] and was appointed principal guest conductor of the orchestra that same year. Wand was noted for demanding considerable rehearsal time, a minimum of 5 to 8 rehearsals, for his London concerts.[1][4] On 9 September 1990 his UK Promenade Concert of Bruckner's 5th Symphony with the BBC Symphony was recorded and subsequently released in 2011 on DVD by the BBC/ICA (ICAD 5049). For his first appearance with a US orchestra, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in 1989, he asked for and received 11 hours of rehearsal time.[2] Wand subsequently recorded the Brahms Symphony No. 1, part of that first U.S. program, with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.

The highlights of Wand's late career were his annual guest appearances with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, which he conducted in Schubert's "Unfinished" and "Great" symphonies (1995) and Bruckner's Fifth (1996), Fourth (1998), Ninth (1998), Seventh (1999) and Eighth (2001) symphonies.

Artistic style

As a conductor, Wand was a deep believer in the originality of music, aiming to perform works exactly as annotated. His art was marked by straightforward adherence to the score.[2]

As still a young conductor, a journalist asked him how he’d consider interpreting Beethoven's ninth symphony, more like Arturo Toscanini or rather like Wilhelm Furtwängler. Wand answered laconically: "Like Beethoven".[5]

Repertoire

In his late years, Wand restricted his repertoire almost exclusively to the symphonies of Anton Bruckner (which he had never conducted until he was over 60), Schubert, Brahms, Beethoven and Mozart. Earlier in his career, however, he was a devoted interpreter of the contemporary music of such composers as Frank Martin, György Ligeti, Edgard Varèse, Olivier Messiaen, and initially Bernd Alois Zimmermann as well.[3]

Wand regarded Bruckner as the "most important symphonist after Beethoven". Wand's biographer Wolfgang Seifert believes that "it is no exaggeration to say that Günter Wand has made an indispensable contribution toward the understanding of Bruckner in our time."[3]

Compositions

Wand also composed music, mostly songs with orchestral accompaniment and music for ballet. One composition was his concertino "Odi et amo", for soprano and chamber orchestra, which Wand wrote for his wife, the soprano Anita Westhoff.[4] Anita Wand (Westhoff) died on December 29, 2009, at Ulmiz (CH) at the age of 89 years.

Awards

During his over 65-year-long career as conductor, Günter Wand received several important prizes, including German Record Award, the German Record Critic's Prize, the Echo Award and twice the internationally significant Diapason d'Or, which he received for his Schubert and Bruckner recordings with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. In 1996 Wand received the rarely awarded Hans von Bülow Medal.[3]

Discography (sel.)
  • With NDR-Sinfonieorchester:
    • Bruckner Sinfonie Nr. 4. 2 CD 74321930412
    • Schubert Sinfonie Nr. 5
  • With NDR-Sinfonieorchester:
    • Beethoven:
    • Sinfonie Nr. 3 & Leonoren Ouvertüre Nr. 3 CD RD60755 (03/1991)
    • Sinfonien Nr. 5 & 6 CD 09026 61930 2 (10/1993)
    • Sinfonien Nr. 1 & 2 CD 74321 66458 2 (04/2001)
    • Sinfonie Nr.4 Nr.74321897172(01/2002)
    • Sinfonie Nr.1& Nr.6 Nr.74321891082(11/2001)
    • Sinfonie Nr.2 & Nr.7 Nr.74321891072(11/2001)
    • Sinfonie Nr.3 & Nr.8 Nr.74321891062(11/2001)
    • Sinfonie Nr.4 & Nr.5 Nr.74321891052(11/2001)
    • Sinfonie Nr.9 Nr.74321891042 (11/2001)
    • Sinfonien Nr. 1-9 74321891092 (11/2001)
    • Brahms:
    • Sinfonie Nr. 1 CD 09026 68889 2 (02/1998)
    • Sinfonien Nr. 2 & 3 CD 09026 68888 2 (02/1998)
    • Sinfonien Nr. 1-4 3CD 09026 63348 2 (01/1999)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 4 CD 09026 63244 2 (01/1999)
    • Sinfonien Nr.1 & Nr.3 Nr.74321891022 (11/2001)
    • Sinfonien Nr.2 & Nr.4 Nr.74321891012 (11/2001)
    • Sinfonien Nr.1-4 Nr.74321891032 (11/2001)
    • Bruckner:
    • Sinfonie Nr. 5 (Originalfassung) CD RD60361 (06/90)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 4 „Romantische“ CD RD60784 (04/1991)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 7 (Originalfassung) CD 09026 61398 2 (03/1993)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 9 (Originalfassung) CD 09026 62650 2 (06/1994)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 8 2CD 09026 68047 2 (04/1995)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 6 (Originalfassung) CD 09026 68452 2 (06/1996)
    • Debussy: Le Martyre de Saint Sébastien; CD 74321 75583 (05/2000)
    • Mussorgsky: Bilder einer Ausstellung
    • Fortner: Bluthochzeit – Zwischenspiele für Orchester; CD RD60827 (12/1991)
    • Martin: Petite Symphonie concertante;
    • Stravinsky: Concerto in Es (Dumbarton Oaks);
    • Webern: 5 Stücke für Orchester, op.10
    • Mozart:
    • Sinfonien Nr. 39 & 41 „Jupiter“ CD RD60714 (12/1990)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 40;
    • Posthornserenade Nr.74321897172
    • Tchaikovsky: Sinfonie Nr. 5 CD 09026 68032 2 (11/1994)
    • Mozart:
    • Sinfonie Nr.36
    • Sinfonie Nr.40
    • Schubert: Sinfonie Nr. 8 „Unvollendete“; CD RD60826 (12/91)
    • Schumann: Sinfonie Nr. 4
    • Schubert: Sinfonie Nr. 9 „Große C-Dur“ CD RD60978 (12/1991)
    • Stravinsky: Pulcinella Suite; CD 09026 61190 2 (10/92)
    • Tchaikovsky: Sinfonie Nr. 6 „Pathétique“
    • NDR Live-Recordings 1989-1995:
    • Beethoven, Bruckner, Mozart, Tschaikowsky, Schubert 17 CD Box 74321 34162 2 (09/1996)
    • With Kölner Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester:
    • Bruckner:
    • The 9 Symphonies 10CD 09026639302 (08/1989)
    • Symphony No. 1 (Wiener Fassung) CD 09026639312 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 2 CD 09026639322 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 3 CD 09026639332 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 4 „Romantische“ CD 09026639342 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 5 CD 09026639352 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 6 CD 09026639362 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 7 CD 09026639372 (12/1989)
    • Symphony No. 8 & 9 CD 09026639382 (12/1989)
    • Schubert:
    • The Complete Symphonies 5CD 09026639402 (08/1989)
    • Symphony No. 1 & 2 CD 09026639412
    • Symphony No. 3 & 6 CD 09026639422
    • Symphony No 4 & 8 CD 09026639432
    • Symphony No 5 (Selections from Rosamunde) CD 09026639442
    • Symphony No. 9 CD 09026639452
    • With Berliner Philharmoniker:
    • Bruckner:
    • Sinfonie Nr. 5 (Originalfassung)CD 09026 68503 2 (12/1996)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 4 „Romantische“ (Haas-Fassung) CD 09026 68839 2 (08/1998)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 9 (Originalfassung) CD 74321 63244 2 (08/1999)
    • Sinfonie Nr. 7 CD 74321 68716 2 (10/2000)
    • Sinfonie Nr.8 CD Nr.743218 28662 (11/2001)
    • Schubert:
    • Sinfonie Nr. 8 „Unvollendete“ & 9 „Große C-Dur“; 2CD 09026 68314 2 (08/1995)

Literature
  • Wolfgang Seifert: Günter Wand: so und nicht anders. Gedanken und Erinnerungen. Hoffmann und Campe, Hamburg 1998, ISBN 3-455-11154-8

References
  1. John Drummond (2002-02-16). "Günter Wand". The Guardian. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  2. Allan Kozinn (2002-02-21). "Günter Wand, 90, Conductor Of the Romantic Repertory". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  3. Seifert, Wolfgang (1998). Günter Wand: So und nicht anders. Hoffmann + Campe. ISBN 9783455111545.
  4. Robert Ponsonby (2002-02-16). "Günter Wand". The Independent. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  5. The German Wikipedia refers to this source: Eduard Prüssen (Linolschnitte), Werner Schäfke und Günter Henne (Texte): Kölner Köpfe. 1. Auflage. Univ.- und Stadtbibliothek, Köln 2010, ISBN 978-3-931596-53-8, S. 86.
Cultural offices
Preceded by
Eugen Papst		 Kapellmeister, Gürzenich Orchestra Cologne
1945–1974		 Succeeded by
Yuri Ahronovich
Preceded by
Klaus Tennstedt		 Chief Conductor, North German Radio Symphony Orchestra
1982–1990		 Succeeded by
John Eliot Gardiner
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