Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah

Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah (Bengali: গিয়াসউদ্দীন মাহমুদ শাহ, Persian: غیاث الدین محمود شاه‎) was the last Sultan of the Hussain Shahi dynasty of the Bengal Sultanate, reigning from 1533 to 1538 CE. The dynasty was founded by his father, Alauddin Husain Shah, in 1494.[1]

Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah
Ghiyāth ad-Dunyā wa ad-Dīn Abū al-Muẓaffar
Sultan of Bengal
Reign1533 - 1538
PredecessorAlauddin Firuz Shah II
SuccessorBengal conquered by Sher Shah Suri
Died1538
IssueSyeda Momena Khatun
Two sons (killed by Sher Shah Suri)
Wife of Khidr Khan Surak
FatherAlauddin Husain Shah
ReligionIslam

History

Banglapedia assesses him as a "weak, pleasure loving and easy-going ruler" who "...had neither diplomatic foresight, nor any practical approach to the political problems which beset Bengal during his reign."[1] His reign was marked by rebellions, including those by Khuda Bakhsh Khan, his general and governor of Chittagong, and Makhdum Alam, the governor of Hajipur.[1]

During his reign the Portuguese arrived in Chittagong in 1534, and were captured and sent to Gaur as prisoners on charges of mischief.[1] But, in the face of enemy superiority he reconciled with them and permitted them to establish factories and commercial stations at Chittagong and Hughli.[1] Later, with the help of the Portuguese, the Sultan held the Teliagarhi pass (1536 AD) avoiding the invasion.[2] Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah and his Portuguese allies were defeated by Sher Shah Suri on 6 April 1538, as his appeals to the Mughal Emperor Humayun went unanswered.[1]

See also

References
  1. Ahmed, ABM Shamsuddin (2012). "Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah". In Islam, Sirajul; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. Retrieved 31 January 2021.
  2. "Banglapedia - Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah".
Preceded by
Alauddin Firuz Shah		 Hussain Shahi dynasty
1533–1538		 Succeeded by
Sur Empire
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