Giovanni Battista Guadagnini

Giovanni Battista Guadagnini (often shortened to G. B. Guadagnini; 23 June 1711 – 18 September 1786) was an Italian luthier, regarded as one of the finest craftsmen of string instruments in history.[3] He is widely considered the third greatest maker after Antonio Stradivari and Giuseppe Guarneri "del Gesù". The Guadagnini family was known for their violins, guitars and mandolins.[1]

Giovanni Battista Guadagnini
Born(1711-06-23)23 June 1711
Bilegno in Val Tidone, Italy
Died18 September 1786(1786-09-18) (aged 75)
Turin, Italy
NationalityItalian
Known for
Notable work
  • Baron Knoop (1744, Piacenza)
  • Ex-Lorenzo (c.1745, Piacenza)
  • Baron Köhner (1752, Milan)
  • Campoli,Grumiaux (1773, Turin)
  • Salabue (1774, Turin)
  • Bryant (1775, Turin)
Style
  • Guadagnini style
    • Piacenza period
    • Milan period
    • Parma period
    • Turin period
  • Stradivarius style
MovementGuadagnini school[1]
ElectedCourt luthier of Duchy of Parma[2]
Patron(s)
Websitewww.guadagnini.org
Guadagnini family tree

Biography

Giovanni Battista Guadagnini (Latinized as Johannes Baptista Guadagnini) was born while both Stradivari and Guarneri were at the zenith of their production years, roughly 30 km away from the City of Cremona on 23 June 1711 at Bilegno in Val Tidone of Piacenza.[4]

Recent research has shed light as to the influence of both Casa Stradivari and Casa Guarneri of Cremona on the lines of symmetry of instruments by Guadagnini, hence J.B. Guadagnini was still a youth while his father Lorenzo, both in Bilegno and Piacenza, was a contributing maker of instruments for Stradivari's workshop, the leading violin shop in the first half of the 18th century.

It was the normative use of trade in 18th-century Italy for a young person to start as an apprentice in a master's workshop around age 12, to be allowed to practice a given trade afterward. Guild shops, either in consortium or under one roof, were headed by a master who provided journeymen papers for successful apprentices. Trade guilds, providing career opportunities for skilled tradesmen including musical instrument makers, were a mercantile arrangement in Europe since medieval times, including in Italy. Guilds were a pre-capitalist industrial organization under ducal oversight which regulated trade practice, quality of articles produced, and pricing policies.

J.B. Guadagnini died in Turin in 1786.

Violin maker

His work is divided into four main periods corresponding to, and named after, Piacenza, Milan, Parma and Turin, the four cities in Italy where he lived and worked. Each period has its own style and characteristic. The Guadagnini's Milan style are more popular in Europe while the Turin style is more sought-after in the United States.[4] Because of different arching built for each style, the Milan models make soft and colorful sound, whereas the Turin models sound are flatter and more powerful.[4]

Appreciation by both connoisseurs and musicians alike attest to the fact that J.B. Guadagnini may possibly be considered the last of the great master violin makers in the second half of the so-called "golden age", while Italy was under Bourbon rule.

Performers with Guadagnini instruments
Violinists
Violinist Date & place of manufacture Sobriquet Comments Reference
Felix Ayo 1744 [5]
Riccardo Brengola 1747, Piacenza Contessa Crespi [6]
Adolf Brodsky 1751, Milan ex-Brodsky [7]
Zakhar Bron 1757, Milan [8]
Amaury Coeytaux 1773 [9]
Andrew Dawes 1770, Parma [10]
Richard Deakin English chamber musician and soloist, currently teaching at RAM in London, was using one in 1980s and likely still is.[11]
Julia Fischer 1742 [12]
Carl Flesch 1750s ex-Henri Vieuxtemps [13]
David Garrett 1772 In December 2007, Garrett fell after a performance and smashed his Guadagnini, which he had purchased four years earlier for US$1 million.[14] He now uses it for mainly his outdoor crossover performances.[15]
David Greed 1757 Owned by the Yorkshire Guadagini 1757 Syndicate. [16]
Arthur Grumiaux 1752 ex-Grumiaux [17]
David Halen 1753 [18]
Jascha Heifetz 1741, Piacenza ex-Heifetz Provenance - by Rembert Wurlitzer in 1946 and Dario D'Attili in 1991 [19]
Marlene Hemmer 1764 [20]
Peter Herresthal 1753, Milan [4]
Willy Hess 1740s [21]
Joseph Joachim 1767, Parma ex-Joachim [22]
Ida Kavafian 1751 [23]
David Kim 1757 On loan from The Philadelphia Orchestra [24]
Min-Jeong Koh 1767 [25]
Goran Končar 1753, Milan [26]
Mikhail Kopelman 1773 [27]
Michał Kowalkowski 1753 Gucio
Jan Kubelik 1750 ex-Kubelik [28]
Pekka Kuusisto 1752 On loan from the Finnish Cultural Foundation [29]
Manfred Leverkus 1752 ex-Kneisel Stolen in 2006
Jack Liebeck 1785 ex-Wilhelmj [30]
Wayne Lin 1779, Turin [31]
Tasmin Little 1757, Milan [4][32]
Mauro Lopes Ferreira [33]
Haldon Martinson 1750 Being used in the Boston Symphony Orchestra [34]
Stefan Milenkovich 1780, Turin [35]
Viktoria Mullova 1750 [36]
Ginette Neveu Purchased early spring, 1949. Involved in an air crash later that year, in which Neveu died. Scroll later apparently appeared in Paris, having changed hands several times. [37]
David Plantier 1766 [38]
Simone Porter 1745 On loan from The Mandell Collection of Southern California [39]
William E. Pynchon 1779, Turin Purchased March 26, 1957. Played in San Francisco Opera until 1998
Linda Rosenthal 1772, Turin [40]
Leon Sametini 1751 ex-Sametini [41]
Mari Samuelsen 1773, Turin On loan from ASAF (Anders Sveeas Charitable Foundation, Oslo). [42][43]
Stephanie Sant’Ambrogio 1757 [44]
Mayumi Seiler 1740, Piacenza
Ittai Shapira 1745, Piacenza [45]
Sini-Maaria Simonen 1760 On loan from the Finnish Cultural Foundation [46]
Roman Simovic 1752 On loan from Jonathan Moulds [47]
Yvonne Smeulers 1785 [48]
Lara St. John 1779 Salabue Called "The Resurrection" by St. John [49]
Lyndon Johnston Taylor 1777 [50]
Henri Temianka 1752 Built based on the Petro Guarnerius model. Certificate of Joseph Vedral, violinmaker, Holland, 28 September 1929
Vanessa-Mae 1761 Gizmo [51]
Pablo Valetti 1758 [52]
Pavel Vernikov 1747, Piacenza ex-Contessa Crespi, ex-Brengola On loan from Fondazione Pro Canale. Worth $1.5 million in 2016. Stolen in December 2016.[53]
Henri Vieuxtemps 1750s ex-Henri Vieuxtemps [54]
Henryk Wieniawski 1750 ex-Wieniawski [55]
Bob Wills 1784 Described as 157 years old when bought in 1941 for $3,000, Wills later claimed in an interview that he gave it away "to a friend of mine in Tayxas" and bought another for $5,000. [56]
Eugène Ysaÿe 1774 ex-Eugène Ysaÿe [57]
Bomsori Kim 1774, Turin
Li Chuan Yun 1784 On loan from the Stradivari Society [58]
Violists
Cellists
  • Natalie Clein plays the "Simpson" Guadagnini cello (1777).[62]
  • David Geringas plays a G.B. Guadagnini cello made in 1761.[63]
  • Maxine Neuman plays a 1772 Guadagnini.[64]
  • Han-na Chang plays the G.B. Guadagnini cello made in Milan in 1757.
  • Gilberto Munguia plays a G.B. Guadagnini cello (1748).
  • Saša Večtomov played a G.B. Guadagnini cello made in Milan in 1754.
  • Sol Gabetta plays a G.B. Guadagnini cello (1759).
  • Carter Brey, principal cellist of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, plays a Guadagnini made in Milan in 1754.[65]
Groups

References
  1. Kass, Philip. "Violin Making in Turin, part 2: the Guadagnini family". Tarisio Auctions. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
  2. "Giovanni Battista Guadagnini (1711-1786)". Guadagnini.org. 2011. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  3. Doring, Ernest N. (1949). The Guadagnini Family of Violin Makers. Chicago: Lewis & Sons. Reprint with new introduction by Stewart Pollins, Dover Books, 2012. ISBN 978-0-48649-796-9
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Bibliography
Part of a series on
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  • Grove, George, ed. (1900). "Guadagnini". A Dictionary of Music and Musicians. London: Macmillan and Company.
  • Mnatzaganian, Sarah (2004). "G. B. Guadagnini". Aitchison Mnatzaganian. Archived from the original on 2 June 2008.
  • Doring, Ernest N. (1949). The Guadagnini Family of Violin Makers. Chicago: Lewis & Sons.
  • König, Adolf H., ed. (1981). Die Geigenbauer der Guadagnini-Familie: Die Turiner Schule [The violin makers of the Guadagnini family: The Turin School] (in German). Frankfurt: Verlag Das Musikinstrument. ISBN 978-3-92011-265-7.
  • Fiori, G. (1994). "Documenti biografici di artisti e personaggi piacentini dal '600 all' '800 nell' Archivo Vescovile di Piacenza" [Biographical documents of Piacenza artists and characters from the 600s to the 1800s in the Archdiocese of Piacenza]. Strenna Piacentina (in Italian): 67–111.
  • Kass, P.J. Violin Makers of the Piedmontese School.
  • Vannes, Rene (1985) [1951]. Dictionnaire Universel del Luthiers (vol.3) (in French). Bruxelles: Les Amis de la musique. OCLC 53749830.
  • Henley, William (1969). Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow Makers. Brighton, England: Amati. ISBN 0-901424-00-5.
  • Hamma, Walter (1993). Meister Italienischer Geigenbaukunst [Master of Italian violin making] (in German). Wilhelmshaven: F. Noetzel. ISBN 3-7959-0537-0.
  • Rosengard, Duane (2000). Giovanni Battista Guadagnini: The Life and Achievement of a Master Maker of Violins. Haddonfield, New Jersey: Carteggio Media. ISBN 978-0-97042-290-3.
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