Gross production average

Gross production average (GPA) is a baseball statistic created in 2003 by Aaron Gleeman,[1] as a refinement of on-base plus slugging (OPS).[2][3] GPA attempts to solve two frequently cited problems with OPS. First, OPS gives equal weight to its two components, on-base percentage (OBP) and slugging percentage (SLG). In fact, OBP contributes significantly more to scoring runs than SLG does. Sabermetricians have calculated that OBP is about 80% more valuable than SLG.[4][5] A second problem with OPS is that it generates numbers on a scale unfamiliar to most baseball fans. For all the problems with a traditional stat like batting average (AVG), baseball fans immediately know that a player batting .365 is significantly better than average, while a player batting .167 is significantly below average. But many fans do not immediately know how good a player with a 1.013 OPS is.

The basic formula for GPA is:[4]

Unlike OPS, this formula both gives proper relative weight to its two component statistics and generates a number that falls on a scale similar to the familiar batting average scale.[6]

All-time leaders

The all-time top 10 highest career gross production averages, among players with 3,000 or more plate appearances:

  1. Babe Ruth .3858
  2. Ted Williams .3754
  3. Lou Gehrig .3592
  4. Barry Bonds .3516
  5. Jimmie Foxx .3449
  6. Rogers Hornsby .3396
  7. Hank Greenberg .3367
  8. Manny Ramirez .3312
  9. Mickey Mantle .3287
  10. Stan Musial .3274

See also

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-10-15. Retrieved 2011-11-06.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "About Those Stats…".
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-12-10. Retrieved 2009-03-25.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "Glossary – The Hardball Times".
  5. "About Those Stats..."
  6. "New Baseball Statistic, With a Nod to an Old Standard". The New York Times. 25 February 2007.


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