Guillardia

Guillardia is a genus of flagellate cryptomonad algae belonging to the family Geminigeraceae, containing a secondary plastid within a reduced cytoplasmic compartment that contains a vestigial nucleomorph. There is only one characterised member of this genus, Guillardia theta.

Guillardia
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Phylum:
Cryptophyta
Class:
Cryptophyceae
Order:
Pyrenomonadales
Family:
Geminigeraceae
Genus:
Guillardia

D. R. A. Hill & R. Wetherbee
Species:
G. theta
Binomial name
Guillardia theta
D. R. A. Hill & R. Wetherbee

Genomes

Guillardia theta was the first cryptophyte to have its nuclear genome sequenced. The genome contains 87 Mbp, encoding around 24,840 genes.[1] The complete nucleomorph[2] and plastid [3] genomes have been sequenced, containing 551 kbp and 121 kbp respectively.

Optogenetic tools

Two anion-conducting channelrhodopsins were isolated from Guillardia theta that hyperpolarize neuronal membrane potential and are potent inhibitors of neural activity.[4]

References
  1. Bruce A. Curtis; Goro Tanifuji; Fabien Burki; Ansgar Gruber; Manuel Irimia; Shinichiro Maruyama; Maria C. Arias; Steven G. Ball; Gillian H. Gile; Yoshihisa Hirakawa; Julia F. Hopkins; Alan Kuo; Stefan A. Rensing; Jeremy Schmutz; Aikaterini Symeonidi; Marek Elias; Robert J. M. Eveleigh; Emily K. Herman; Mary J. Klute; Takuro Nakayama; Miroslav Oborník; Adrian Reyes-Prieto; E. Virginia Armbrust; Stephen J. Aves; Robert G. Beiko; Pedro Coutinho; Joel B. Dacks; Dion G. Durnford; Naomi M. Fast; Beverley R. Green; Cameron J. Grisdale; Franziska Hempel; Bernard Henrissat; Marc P. Höppner; Ken-Ichiro Ishida; Eunsoo Kim; Luděk Kořený; Peter G. Kroth; Yuan Liu; Shehre-Banoo Malik; Uwe G. Maier; Darcy McRose; Thomas Mock; Jonathan A. D. Neilson; Naoko T. Onodera; Anthony M. Poole; Ellen J. Pritham; Thomas A. Richards; Gabrielle Rocap; Scott W. Roy; Chihiro Sarai; Sarah Schaack; Shu Shirato; Claudio H. Slamovits; David F. Spencer; Shigekatsu Suzuki; Alexandra Z. Worden; Stefan Zauner; Kerrie Barry; Callum Bell; Arvind K. Bharti; John A. Crow; Jane Grimwood; Robin Kramer; Erika Lindquist; Susan Lucas; Asaf Salamov; Geoffrey I. McFadden; Christopher E. Lane; Patrick J. Keeling; Michael W. Gray; Igor V. Grigoriev; John M. Archibald (2012). "Algal genomes reveal evolutionary mosaicism and the fate of nucleomorphs" (PDF). Nature. 492 (7427): 59–65. doi:10.1038/nature11681. PMID 23201678.
  2. Susan Douglas; Stefan Zauner; Martin Fraunholz; Margaret Beaton; Susanne Penny; Lang-Tuo Deng; Xiaonan Wu; Michael Reith; Thomas Cavalier-Smith; Uwe-G. Maier (2001). "The highly reduced genome of an enslaved algal nucleus". Nature. 410 (6832): 1091–1096. doi:10.1038/35074092. PMID 11323671.
  3. Susan E. Douglas; Susanne L. Penny (1999). "The plastid genome of the cryptophyte alga, Guillardia theta: complete sequence and conserved synteny groups confirm its common ancestry with red algae". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 48 (2): 236–244. doi:10.1007/PL00006462. PMID 9929392.
  4. http://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6248/647


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