Gymnanthes

Gymnanthes is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1788.[3][1] It is found primarily in the warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere (from Florida and Mexico south to Argentina), but with some species in central Africa and southwestern Southeast Asia.[2][4][5][6][7]

Oysterwood
Gymnanthes lucida in Florida
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily: Euphorbioideae
Tribe: Hippomaneae
Subtribe: Hippomaninae
Genus: Gymnanthes
Sw.
Type species
Gymnanthes lucida
Synonyms[2]
  • Ateramnus P.Browne
  • Duvigneaudia J.Léonard
  • Gussonia Spreng.
  • Gymnanthus Endl.
  • Sarothrostachys Klotzsch

Members of the genus are commonly known as oysterwood.[8] The genus has 45 species and is pantropical.

Species[2]
  1. Gymnanthes actinostemoides - Mexico
  2. Gymnanthes albicans - Cuba
  3. Gymnanthes belizensis - Belize
  4. Gymnanthes borneensis - Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra
  5. Gymnanthes boticario - Brazil
  6. Gymnanthes discolor - Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay
  7. Gymnanthes dressleri - Panama
  8. Gymnanthes elliptica - Jamaica
  9. Gymnanthes farinosa - Guadeloupe, Saint Lucia, Dominica
  10. Gymnanthes gaudichaudii - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro state
  11. Gymnanthes glabrata - Bahia, Rio de Janeiro state
  12. Gymnanthes glandulosa - Glandular oysterwood - Cuba, Jamaica
  13. Gymnanthes guyanensis - Rupununi
  14. Gymnanthes hypoleuca - Lesser Antilles, S Venezuela, N Brazil
  15. Gymnanthes inopinata - Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  16. Gymnanthes insolita - Nayarit
  17. Gymnanthes integra - Jamaica
  18. Gymnanthes leonardii-crispi - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda
  19. Gymnanthes longipes - Mexico
  20. Gymnanthes lucida - Florida, Bahamas, Caribbean, Mexico, Central America
  21. Gymnanthes nervosa - Bolivia, Paraguay, Rio de Janeiro state
  22. Gymnanthes pallens - Cuba, Hispaniola
  23. Gymnanthes recurva - Cuba
  24. Gymnanthes remota - Sumatra
  25. Gymnanthes riparia - Mexico, Central America
  26. Gymnanthes widgrenii - Minas Gerais
Species[2]

moved to other genera: Actinostemon Ditrysinia Microstachys Sebastiania Stillingia

  1. G. angustifolia - Sebastiania schottiana
  2. G. bahiensis - Sebastiania bahiensis
  3. G. brachyclada - Sebastiania klotzschiana
  4. G. brachypoda - Actinostemon brachypodus
  5. G. brasiliensis - Sebastiania brasiliensis
  6. G. brevifolia - Sebastiania brevifolia
  7. G. concolor - Actinostemon concolor
  8. G. granatensis - Sebastiania granatensis
  9. G. jacobinensis - Sebastiania jacobinensis
  10. G. klotzschiana - Sebastiania klotzschiana
  11. G. ligustrina - Ditrysinia fruticosa
  12. G. macrocarpa - Sebastiania macrocarpa
  13. G. marginata - Sebastiania klotzschiana
  14. G. pavoniana - Sebastiania pavoniana
  15. G. pringlei - Sebastiania pavoniana
  16. G. pteroclada - Sebastiania pteroclada
  17. G. rigida - Sebastiania rigida
  18. G. schomburgkii - Actinostemon schomburgkii
  19. G. schottiana - Sebastiania schottiana
  20. G. serrata - Sebastiania serrata
  21. G. stipulacea - Microstachys stipulacea
  22. G. treculiana - Stillingia treculiana
  23. G. trinervia - Sebastiania trinervia
  24. G. ypanemensis - Sebastiania ypanemensis

References
  1. Tropicos, Gymnanthes Sw.
  2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. Swartz, Olof. 1788. Nova Genera et Species Plantarum seu Prodromus 6, 95–96
  4. Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  5. Martínez Gordillo, M., J. J. Ramírez, R. C. Durán, E. J. Arriaga, R. García, A. Cervantes & R. M. Hernández. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anales del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Botánica 73(2): 155–281.
  6. Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2010 Archived 2015-09-06 at the Wayback Machine. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
  7. Webster, G. L. & M.J. Huft. 1988. Revised synopsis of Panamanian Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75(3): 1087–1144
  8. Miroslav M. Grandtner, ed. (2005). "Gymnanthes Sw.". Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees. Volume 1: North America. Elsevier. pp. 403–404. ISBN 978-0-444-51784-5.


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