Gymnema

Gymnema (Neo-Latin, from Greek γυμνὀς gymnos, "naked" and νῆμα, nēma, "thread")[4] is a genus in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1810.

Gymnema
Gymnema inodorum[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Subfamily: Asclepiadoideae
Tribe: Marsdenieae
Genus: Gymnema
R.Br., Prodr. 461–462, March 1810, not R.Br. On the Asclepiadeae 22. April 1810[2]
Synonyms[3]
  • Apocynum L.
  • Bidaria (Endl.) Decne.

One species, Gymnema sylvestre, is commonly used as a dietary supplement and has the ability to suppress the taste of sweetness.[5]

Species[6]
  1. Gymnema acuminatum Nepal, N India, W Malaysia
  2. Gymnema albidum – Timor
  3. Gymnema albiflorum – N Vietnam
  4. Gymnema brevifolium – Australia
  5. Gymnema calycinum – Luzon I
  6. Gymnema chalmersii – New Guinea
  7. Gymnema cumingii – Philippines
  8. Gymnema cuspidatum
  9. Gymnema decaisneanum – Tamil Nadu
  10. Gymnema dissitiflorum – W Malaysia
  11. Gymnema dunnii – Australia
  12. Gymnema elegans – Tamil Nadu
  13. Gymnema erianthum – New Caledonia
  14. Gymnema foetidum – Yunnan
  15. Gymnema glabrum – Myanmar
  16. Gymnema griffithii – Thailand
  17. Gymnema hainanense – Hainan
  18. Gymnema hirtum – W Malaysia
  19. Gymnema inodorum – S China, India, SE Asia
  20. Gymnema javanicum – Java
  21. Gymnema khandalense – Maharashtra
  22. Gymnema lacei – Myanmar, Bangladesh
  23. Gymnema lactiferum – India, Sri Lanka
  24. Gymnema latifolium – S China, India, Nepal, N Indochina
  25. Gymnema littorale – Java
  26. Gymnema longiretinaculatum – S China
  27. Gymnema lushaiense – Assam
  28. Gymnema macrothyrsa – Sulawesi
  29. Gymnema maingayi – Malacca
  30. Gymnema mariae – Philippines
  31. Gymnema micradenium – Queensland
  32. Gymnema molle – Myanmar
  33. Gymnema montanum – India
  34. Gymnema muelleri – Northern Terr of Australia
  35. Gymnema pachyglossum – Luzon I
  36. Gymnema piperi – Mindanao
  37. Gymnema pleiadenium – Queensland
  38. Gymnema recurvifolium – New Guinea
  39. Gymnema rotundatum – Sri Lanka
  40. Gymnema rufescens – Madagascar
  41. Gymnema schlechterianum – Philippines
  42. Gymnema spirei – Laos
  43. Gymnema suborbiculare – New Guinea
  44. Gymnema sylvestre – S China, Ryukyu Is, SE Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Africa
  45. Gymnema syringaefolium – Timor
  46. Gymnema thorelii – Laos
  47. Gymnema tricholepis – New Guinea
  48. Gymnema trinerve – Australia
  49. Gymnema uncarioides – Luzon I
  50. Gymnema yunnanense – Guangxi, Yunnan
formerly included[6]
  1. Gymnema columnare, syn of Gongronema nepalense
  2. Gymnema crenatum, syn of Loeseneriella crenata
  3. Gymnema finlaysonii, syn of Gongronema finlaysonii
  4. Gymnema longepedunculatum, syn of Tylophora longipedunculata
  5. Gymnema macrocarpum, syn of Dregea schimperi
  6. Gymnema nepalense, syn of Gongronema nepalense
  7. Gymnema nitidum, syn of Salacia nitida
  8. Gymnema reticulatum, syn of Hoya reticulata
  9. Gymnema sagittatum, syn of Gongronema nepalense
  10. Gymnema subnudum, syn of Sarcolobus subnudus
  11. Gymnema tenacissimum, syn of Marsdenia tenacissima
  12. Gymnema thomsonii, syn of Gongronema thomsonii
  13. Gymnema wallichii, syn of Gongronema wallichii

References
  1. 1830 illustration from Francisco Manuel Blanco., Flora de Filipinas
  2. Tropicos
  3. "Tropicos.org synonym list". Retrieved March 12, 2016.
  4. Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Gymnema" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
  5. Kurihara, Yoshie (1969-05-01). "Antisweet activity of gymnemic acid A1 and its derivatives". Life Sciences. 8 (9): 537–543. doi:10.1016/0024-3205(69)90449-4. ISSN 0024-3205. PMID 5791706.
  6. The Plant List, genus Gymnema


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