HBGary

HBGary is a subsidiary company of ManTech International, focused on technology security. In the past, two distinct but affiliated firms had carried the HBGary name: HBGary Federal, which sold its products to the US Federal Government,[3] and HBGary, Inc.[4] Its other clients included information assurance companies, computer emergency response teams, and computer forensic investigators.[5] On 29 February 2012, HBGary, Inc. announced it had been acquired by IT services firm ManTech International.[6] At the same time, HBGary Federal was reported to be closed.[6]

HBGary
IndustryComputer software
Computer security
FateBought out
Founded2003[1]
FounderGreg Hoglund
HeadquartersOffices in Sacramento, California, Washington, D.C., and Bethesda, Maryland.[2]
Key people
Greg Hoglund
(Founder & CEO)
Penny Leavy
(President)
Aaron Barr
(Former CEO of HBGary Federal)
WebsiteHBGary Inc.

History

The company was founded by Greg Hoglund in 2003.[1] In 2008, it joined the McAfee Security Innovation Alliance.[5] The CEO made presentations at the Black Hat Briefings, the RSA Conference, and other computer security conferences.[7][8] HBGary also analyzed the GhostNet and Operation Aurora events.[3][7] As of 2010, it had offices in Sacramento, California, Washington, D.C., and Bethesda, Maryland.[2]

HBGary Federal had been set up with Aaron Barr as CEO instead of Hoglund to provide services and tools to the US government, which might require security clearance.[9] As HBGary Federal could not meet revenue projections, in early 2011 negotiations about the sale of HBGary Federal were in progress with two interested companies.[10]

HBGary was acquired by ManTech International in February 2012.[6]

WikiLeaks, Bank of America, Hunton & Williams, and Anonymous
Step 1 : Gather all the data
Step 2 : ???
Step 3 : Profit

In 2010, Aaron Barr, CEO of HBGary Federal, alleged that he could exploit social media to gather information about hackers.[3]

In early 2011, Barr claimed to have used his techniques to infiltrate Anonymous,[3][11][12] partly by using IRC, Facebook, Twitter, and by social engineering.[3][13] His e-mails depict his intention to release information on the identities of Anonymous members at the B-Sides conference and to sell it to possible clients,[3][14] including the FBI.[15] In the e-mails, Barr explained that he identified his list of suspected Anonymous "members" by tracing connections through social media, while his main programmer criticized this methodology.[3][16] In a communiqué, Anonymous denied association with the individuals that Barr named.[17][18]

On 5–6 February 2011, Anonymous compromised the HBGary website, copied tens of thousands of documents from both HBGary Federal and HBGary, Inc., posted tens of thousands of both companies' emails online, and usurped Barr's Twitter account in apparent revenge.[13][19][20] Anonymous also claimed to have wiped Barr's iPad remotely, though this act remains unconfirmed.[3][14][21][22] The Anonymous group responsible for these attacks would go on to become LulzSec.[23]

Fallout

Some of the documents taken by Anonymous show HBGary Federal was working on behalf of Bank of America to respond to WikiLeaks' planned release of the bank's internal documents.[4][24] "Potential proactive tactics against WikiLeaks include feeding the fuel between the feuding groups, disinformation, creating messages around actions to sabotage or discredit the opposing organization, and submitting fake documents to WikiLeaks and then calling out the error."[25]

In additional emails published in November 2016 by Wikileaks, two employees of HBGary referenced a blog post that endorsed manipulating translation software in order to 'mitigate' damaging content within information leaks.[26]

Emails indicate Palantir Technologies, Berico Technologies, and the law firm Hunton & Williams (recommended to Bank of America by the US Justice Department)[15] all cooperated on the project.[25] Other e-mails appear to show the U.S. Chamber of Commerce contracted the firms to spy on and discredit unions and liberal groups.[27][28]

The conflict with Anonymous caused substantial public relations damage. As a result, the involved organizations took steps to distance themselves from HBGary and HBGary Federal:

  • 7 February 2011: Penny Leavy, President of HBGary Inc., entered an Anonymous IRC channel to negotiate with the group.[3] She distanced her company from their partially owned subsidiary HBGary Federal, clarified the separation of the two, and asked Anonymous to refrain from attacks or leaks that would damage HBGary Inc. and its customers.[29]
  • 10 February 2011: The Chamber of Commerce issued a statement denying they hired HBGary,[30] calling the allegation a "baseless smear," and criticizing the Center for American Progress and its blog, ThinkProgress, for "the illusion of a connection between HBGary, its CEO Aaron Barr and the Chamber."[31] The Chamber denied the truth of accusations[32] previously leveled by ThinkProgress, stating "No money, for any purpose, was paid to any of those three private security firms by the Chamber, or by anyone on behalf of the Chamber, including Hunton and Williams."[31]
  • 11 February 2011: Palantir's CEO apologized to Glenn Greenwald and severed "any and all contacts" with HBGary.[25][33]
  • The CEO and COO of Berico similarly stated that they had "discontinued all ties" with HBGary Federal.[34]
  • 28 February 2011: Aaron Barr announced his resignation from HBGary Federal to "focus on taking care of my family and rebuilding my reputation."[35]
  • 1 March 2011: 17 members of the United States Congress called for a congressional investigation for possible violation of federal law by Hunton & Williams and "Team Themis" (the partnership between Palantir Technologies, Berico Technologies, and HBGary Federal).[36]
  • 16 March 2011: The House Armed Services Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities asked the Defense Department and the National Security Agency to provide any contracts with HBGary Federal, Palantir Technologies and Berico Technologies for investigation.[37]

Astroturfing

It has been reported that HBGary Federal was contracted by the US government to develop astroturfing software which could create an "army" of multiple fake social media profiles.[38][39]

Later it was reported that while data security firm HBGary Federal was among the "Persona Management Software" contract's bidders listed on a government website, the job was ultimately awarded to a firm that did not appear on the FedBizOpps.gov page of interested vendors. "This contract was awarded to a firm called Ntrepid," Speaks wrote to Raw Story.[40]

Malware development

HBGary had made numerous threats of cyber-attacks against WikiLeaks. The dossier of recently exposed emails revealed HBGary Inc. was working on the development of a new type of Windows rootkit, code named Magenta,[15] that would be "undetectable" and "almost impossible to remove."[41]

In October 2010, Greg Hoglund proposed to Barr creating "a large set of unlicensed Windows 7 themes for video games and movies appropriate for middle east & asia" [sic] which "would contain back doors" as part of an ongoing campaign to attack support for WikiLeaks.[42]

Products
HBGary products
NamePurpose
FastDump, FastDumpProRAM snapshots (aka memory images) of Windows computers[43][44]
Responder Pro, Responder Field EditionAnalyze RAM, pagefiles, VMWare images, etc.
sort & display images, network links, etc ...[44][45][46]
Digital DNA, Active Defensedetects malware[5][44][47]
Inoculatormalware detection through Remote procedure call[48]
FGETcollect forensics data remotely[49]
REcon'sandbox' malware recorder[46]
Fingerprintanalyzes common patterns amongst malware, such as algorithms, encodings, compilers used, names used, etc., and possibly attempt to identify the creators of a piece of malware.[7][50]
Flypapercapture malware binary code[8]

Some products are integrated into other products (i.e. REcon and Digital DNA into Responder).[46]

Acquisition by ManTech International

On 29 February 2012 ManTech International announced its purchase of HBGary, Inc.[51] Financial terms of the acquisition were not disclosed other than to say it was an "asset purchase", which excludes legal and financial liabilities.[51]

References
  1. HBGary At A Glance Archived 28 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, www.hbgary.com,
  2. HBGary :: Detect. Diagnose. Respond. Archived 7 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine HBGary official website, via www.hbgary.com on 2011 02 11
  3. Anderson, Nate (9 February 2011). "How one man tracked down Anonymous—and paid a heavy price". Ars Technica. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
  4. Ragan, Steve (9 February 2011). "Data intelligence firms proposed a systematic attack against WikiLeaks". The Tech Herald. Monsters and Critics. Archived from the original on 11 February 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  5. HBGary Unveils Digital DNA™ Technology , Press Release, karenb, forensicfocus.com 3 12 2009, retr 2011-02-11
  6. Anderson, Mark (29 February 2012). "Cyber security firm HBGary bought by ManTech International". Sacramento Business Journal. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  7. Researcher 'Fingerprints' The Bad Guys Behind The Malware, Kelly J. Higgins, Dark Reading, 6 22 2010, retr 2011-02-11
  8. Basic Malware Analysis Using Responder Professional by HBGary. Black Hat #174; Technical Security Conference: USA 2010 retr 2011-02-11
  9. Elliott, Justin (16 February 2011). "Firm in WikiLeaks plot has deep ties to Feds". Salon.com. Retrieved 16 February 2011.
  10. Anderson, Nate (24 February 2011). "Anonymous vs. HBGary: the aftermath". Ars Technica. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  11. Taylor, Jerome (8 February 2011). "Hacktivists take control of internet security firms". The Independent. London. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  12. Menn, Joseph (4 February 2011). "Cyberactivists warned of arrest". Financial Times. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  13. Bright, Peter (15 February 2011). "Anonymous speaks: the inside story of the HBGary hack". Ars Technica. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  14. Olson, Parmy (7 February 2011). "Victim of Anonymous Attack Speaks Out". Forbes. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  15. Leigh, Lundin (20 February 2011). "Wikilicks". Criminal Brief. Retrieved 20 February 2011. CEO Aaron Barr thought he'd uncovered the hackers' identities and like rats, they'd scurry for cover. If he could nail them, he could cover up the crimes H&W, HBGary, and BoA planned, bring down WikiLeaks, decapitate Anonymous, and place his opponents in prison while collecting a cool fee. He thought he was 88% right; he was 88% wrong.
  16. Play By Play Of How HBGary Federal Tried To Expose Anonymous... And Got Hacked Instead Mike Masnick, TechDirt.com 11 Feb. 2011
  17. Anonymous statement from hacked HBGary Website Anonymous, Feb. 2011
  18. "How one man tracked down Anonymous—and paid a heavy price". Ars Technica. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  19. Olson, Parmy (6 February 2011). "Anonymous Takes Revenge on Security Firm For Trying To Sell Supporters' Details To FBI". Forbes. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  20. https://web.archive.org/web/20131208062435/http://www.h-online.com/security/features/Anonymous-makes-a-laughing-stock-of-HBGary-1198176.html
  21. Menn, Joseph (7 February 2011). "'Hacktivists' retaliate against security expert". Financial Times. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  22. Anderson, Nate (10 February 2011). "(Virtually) face to face: how Aaron Barr revealed himself to Anonymous". Ars Technica. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  23. Acohido, Byron (20 June 2011). "Who's who among key LulzSec hackitivists". USA Today. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
  24. Leyden, John (17 February 2011). "Anonymous security firm hack used every trick in book". The Register. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  25. Ragan, Steve (11 February 2011). "Firm targeting WikiLeaks cuts ties with HBGary - apologizes to reporter". The Tech Herald. Monsters and Critics. Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
  26. http://wikileaksdecrypted.com/bankofamerica-wikileaks-hbgary-palantir/
  27. HBGary: Don't let this story die, it's big. furiousxxgeorge, DailyKos, 13 Feb. 2011
  28. Hacked Documents Show Chamber Engaged HBGary to Spy on Unions emptywheel, FireDogLake, 10 Feb. 2011
  29. Pastebin - log of Anonymous IRC channel audience with Penny Leavy of HBGary Inc Anonymous, pastebin 7 Feb. 2011
  30. Collamore, Tom (10 February 2011). "More Baseless Attacks on the Chamber". US Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on 16 February 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  31. Collamore, Tom (11 February 2011). "Another Smear from the Center for American Progress". US Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on 17 February 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
  32. Fang, Lee (10 February 2011). "EXCLUSIVE: US Chamber's Lobbyists Solicited Hackers To Sabotage Unions, Smear Chamber's Political Opponents". Think Progress. Center for American Progress. Retrieved 10 February 2011.
  33. Karp, Alex (10 February 2011). "Statement from Dr. Alex Karp". Palantir Technologies. Archived from the original on 16 February 2011. Retrieved 10 February 2011.
  34. Berico Technologies severs ties with HBGary over WikiLeaks plot
  35. Paul Roberts (28 February 2011). "HBGary Federal CEO Aaron Barr Steps Down". threatpost.com. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011.
  36. Justin Elliott (1 March 2011). "Democrats call for probe of top D.C. law firm". salon.com.
  37. Zetter, Kim (17 March 2011). "Congress Asks to Review DoD and NSA Contracts With HBGary". Wired.
  38. Darlene Storm (22 February 2011). "Army of fake social media friends to promote propaganda". Computerworld Inc. Archived from the original on 24 February 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
  39. Cory Doctorow (18 February 2011). "HBGary's high-volume astroturfing technology and the Feds who requested it". BoingBoing. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
  40. http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2011/02/22/exclusive-militarys-persona-software-cost-millions-used-for-classified-social-media-activities/
  41. "HBGary INC. working on secret rootkit project. Codename: "MAGENTA"". Crowdleaks. 14 February 2011. Archived from the original on 17 February 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2011.
  42. Anderson, Nate (14 February 2011). "Spy games: Inside the convoluted plot to bring down WikiLeaks". Ars Technica. Retrieved 10 April 2011.
  43. Evidence Technology Magazine - Product News, retr 2011-02-11
  44. Cyber Forensics Tools for Live Memory Acquisition and Analysis, Bob Slapnik, HBGary, 2010 02 11, retr 2011-02-11
  45. HBGary Responder Field Edition - SC Magazine US Archived 26 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine Peter Stephenson 5/1/2009 SC Magazine, retr 2011-02-11
  46. Product Watch: New Tool Automatically Examines Suspicious Code In Memory By Kelly J. Higgins, InformationWeek, 2010-02-08, retr 2011-02-11
  47. Spotting Malware By Its Signature, By WILLIAM MATTHEWS, Published: 17 May 2010, Defense News, retr 2011-02-11
  48. Make your own anti-virus signatures with DIY tool from HBGary Archived 30 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Ellen Messmer, Networkworld, 2010 11 3, retr 2011-02-11
  49. Forensics Out Of Reach For Most Small To Midsize Organizations, Kelly J. Higgins, Dark Reading, 9 8 2010, retr 2011-02-11
  50. Fingerprint is advertised as being a way to discover information about the authors of various pieces of malware, by analyzing the aforementioned patterns.
  51. Leyden, John (29 February 2012). "US gov IT services vendor swallows HBGary". The Register. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
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