HNLMS K XII

K XII was a K XI class patrol submarines of the Royal Netherlands Navy. The ship was built by Fijenoord shipyard in Rotterdam.

History
Netherlands
Name: K XII
Builder: Fijenoord, Rotterdam
Laid down: 9 January 1923
Launched: 15 July 1924
Commissioned: 19 May 1925
Fate: Sold in 1946 and Scrapped in 1951
General characteristics [1]
Class and type: K XI-class submarine
Displacement:
  • 688 tons surfaced
  • 828 tons submerged
Length: 66.7 m (218 ft 10 in)
Beam: 6.15 m (20 ft 2 in)
Draught: 3.78 m (12 ft 5 in)
Propulsion:
Speed:
  • 17 kn (31 km/h; 20 mph) surfaced
  • 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) submerged
Range:
  • 3,500 nmi (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) at 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) on the surface
  • 25 nmi (46 km; 29 mi) at 8 kn (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) submerged
Complement: 31
Armament:
  • 2 × 21 inch bow torpedo tubes
  • 2 × 17.7 inch bow torpedo tubes
  • 2 × 17.7 inch stern torpedo tubes
  • 1 x 88 mm Bofors gun
  • 1 x 12.7 mm machine gun

Service history

The submarine was ordered on 3 September 1921 and laid down in Rotterdam at the shipyard of Fijenoord on 9 January 1923. The launch took place on 15 July 1924. On 19 May 1925 the boat was commissioned in the Dutch navy.[2]

In September 1926 K XII left Den Helder for the Dutch East Indies. The route she took led through the Suez Canal.[2] On 6 September 1938 she participated in a fleet review at Surabaya. The show was held in honor of the Dutch Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands on the 40th anniversary of her inauguration. More than twenty navy ships participated in the review.[2]

World War II

During the war she made several patrols in the South China Sea and waters around the Dutch East Indies and Australia. Only the patrol K XII made from 7 to 16 December 1941 in the South China Sea was successful. According to American sources K XII sank or damaged the Japanese freighter Toro Maru (1,939t) on 12 December. Japanese sources name the troopship Awajisan Maru (9,794t) as the target. Dutch sources report an approximately 8,000t ship as the target but give no name. A day later on 13 December she sank the Japanese tanker Taizan Maru (3,525t).[2]

On 6 March 1942 K XII fled Surabaya ahead of the invading Japanese forces taking with them the naval commander of Surabaya, Pieter Koenraad and his staff. The ship arrived in Australia on 20 March.[2] The submarine carried out patrols for the Dutch intelligence service, including the landing of spies on the coast of Java, and from June 1943 to March 1944, the K12 operated under American command and was involved in anti-submarine exercises with Australian and other Allied warships off Fremantle.[3]

On 5 May 1944 the boat was paid off and sold in 1945.[2]

Australian tourist attraction

The K XII became a tourist attraction in Luna Park Sydney and Manly Fun Pier. After a storm in June 1949, the sub was towed to less exposed waters but the towline broke and the sub drifted ashore at Fairlight. It remained there for 18 months before being salvaged and cut up for scrap in 1951.[4]

References
  1. "Dutch Submarines: The K XI submarine class". dutchsubmarines.com. 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
  2. "Dutch Submarines: The submarine K XII". dutchsubmarines.com. 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
  3. "Sub once star attraction at Manly". 2016-07-28.
  4. "The submarine that came and – eventually – went". 2015-11-12.
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