Hadronyche

Hadronyche is a genus of venomous Australian funnel-web spiders that was first described by L. Koch in 1873.[3] Originally placed with the curtain web spiders, it was moved to the Hexathelidae in 1980,[4] then to the Australian funnel-web spiders in 2018.[5]

Hadronyche
Hadronyche modesta
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Mygalomorphae
Family: Atracidae
Genus: Hadronyche
L. Koch, 1873[1]
Type species
H. cerberea
L. Koch, 1873
Species

31, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Anepsiada Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918[2]
  • Pseudatrax Rainbow, 1914[2]
  • Styphlopis Rainbow, 1913[2]

While Australian funnel-web spider envenomation is medically significant, there have been no recorded human fatalities as a result since the introduction of antivenom in 1980.[6]

Species

As of May 2019 it contains 31 species, all from Australia:[1]

  • Hadronyche adelaidensis (Gray, 1984) – Australia (South Australia)
  • Hadronyche alpina Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory)
  • Hadronyche annachristiae Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche anzses Raven, 2000 – Australia (Queensland)
  • Hadronyche cerberea L. Koch, 1873 (type) – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche emmalizae Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche eyrei (Gray, 1984) – Australia (South Australia)
  • Hadronyche flindersi (Gray, 1984) – Australia (South Australia)
  • Hadronyche formidabilis (Rainbow, 1914) – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche infensa (Hickman, 1964) – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche jensenae Gray, 2010 – Australia (Victoria)
  • Hadronyche kaputarensis Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche lamingtonensis Gray, 2010 – Australia (Queensland)
  • Hadronyche levittgreggae Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche lynabrae Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche macquariensis Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche marracoonda Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory)
  • Hadronyche mascordi Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche meridiana Hogg, 1902 – Australia (New South Wales, Victoria)
  • Hadronyche modesta (Simon, 1891) – Australia (Victoria)
  • Hadronyche monaro Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche monteithi Gray, 2010 – Australia (Queensland)
  • Hadronyche nimoola Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory)
  • Hadronyche orana Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche pulvinator (Hickman, 1927) – Australia (Tasmania)
  • Hadronyche raveni Gray, 2010 – Australia (Queensland)
  • Hadronyche tambo Gray, 2010 – Australia (Victoria)
  • Hadronyche valida (Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918) – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche venenata (Hickman, 1927) – Australia (Tasmania)
  • Hadronyche versuta (Rainbow, 1914) – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Hadronyche walkeri Gray, 2010 – Australia (New South Wales)

References
  1. "Gen. Hadronyche L. Koch, 1873". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-10.
  2. Gray, M. R. (1988). "Aspects of the systematics of the Australian funnel web spiders (Araneae: Hexathelidae: Atracinae) based upon morphological and electrophoretic data". Australian Entomological Society Miscellaneous Publication. 5: 117.
  3. Koch, L. (1873). Die Arachniden Australiens.
  4. Raven, R. J. (1980). "The evolution and biogeography of the mygalomorph spider family Hexathelidae (Araneae, Chelicerata)". Journal of Arachnology. 8: 255.
  5. Hedin, M.; et al. (2018). "Phylogenomic reclassification of the world's most venomous spiders (Mygalomorphae, Atracinae), with implications for venom evolution". Scientific Reports. 8 (1636): 4. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19946-2. PMC 5785998.
  6. "Australian Venom Research Unit - Funnel web spiders". University of Melbourne. Retrieved 2019-06-09.
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