Hangul consonant and vowel tables

The following tables of consonants and vowels of the Korean alphabet (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals.

Jamo are shown below romanized according to the Revised Romanization of Hangeul (RR Transliteration), which is a system of transliteration rules between the Korean and Roman alphabets originating from South Korea. However, the tables below are not sufficient for normal transcription of the Korean language per the related Revised Romanization of Korean system, which takes contextual sound changes into account.

Leading consonants (choseong)

Basic jamo Hangul
Romanized g/kndr/lmbs-/ngjchktph
Composite jamo Hangul
Romanized gg / kkttbb / ppssjj

Medial vowels (jungseong)

Basic +i
Basic Hangul
Romanized aeooueui aeeoewiui
y+ Hangul
Romanized yayeoyoyu yaeye
w+ Hangul
Romanized wawooewi waewe

Trailing consonants (jongseong)

Basic jamo Hangul
Romanized gndr/lmbsngjchktph
Composite jamo Hangul
Romanized kknjlgbsss
Hangul
Romanized gsnhlm
Hangul
Romanized lb
Hangul
Romanized ls
Hangul
Romanized lt
Hangul
Romanized lp
Hangul
Romanized lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words. The first sequence is official in South Korea (and is the basic binary order of codepoints in Unicode); sequences of the second type are common in North Korea, differing on the treatment of composite jamo consonants in syllable-leading (choseong) and -trailing (jongseong) position, and on the treatment of composite jamo vowels in syllable-medial (jungseong) position.

South Korean collation
Principle Sort every composite jamo grouped after their leading single jamo
Initial consonants

ㄱ ㄲ ㄷ ㄸ ㅂ ㅃ ㅅ ㅆ ㅈ ㅉ

Vowels

ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅡ ㅢ

Final consonants

ㄱ ㄲ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅆ

North Korean collation
Principle Initial consonants: All single jamo (except ieung ㅇ) before all doubled jamo; ieung after the doubled jamo
Vowels: All single jamo before all composite jamo; for composite jamo, all digraphs before all trigraphs; for digraphs, the ones ending in ㅣ precede others.
Final consonants: Doubled jamo after single and composite jamo
Initial consonants

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ

Vowels

ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅝ ㅙ ㅞ

Final consonants

ㄱ ㄳ ㄴ ㄵ ㄶ ㄷ ㄹ ㄺ ㄻ ㄼ ㄽ ㄾ ㄿ ㅀ ㅁ ㅂ ㅄ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㅆ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants South Korean names
HangulRomanized HangulRomanized
g 기역giyeok
kk 쌍기역ssanggiyeok
n 니은nieun
d 디귿digeut
tt 쌍디귿ssangdigeut
r, l 리을rieul
m 미음mieum
b 비읍bieup
pp 쌍비읍ssangbieup
s 시옷siot
ss 쌍시옷ssangsiot
-, -ng 이응ieung
j 지읒jieut
jj 쌍지읒ssangjieut
ch 치읓chieut
k 키읔kieuk
t 티읕tieut
p 피읖pieup
h 히읗hieut

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel (without adding the last consonant repeating a shortened version of the initial), judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun.

Hangul syllables

Below are 19 tables of 28×21 syllables. All together there are 11,172 (19×21×28) possible syllables, found in the Hangul Syllables Unicode block (U+AC00U+D7AF). These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

See also

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.